{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T11:22:39Z","timestamp":1770463359130,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695513600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronosequence changes among Tropical Dry Forests (TDFs) are essential for understanding this unique ecosystem, which is characterized by its seasonality (wet and dry) and a high diversity of deciduous trees and shrubs. From 2005 to 2021, we used two different airborne LiDAR systems to quantify structural changes in the forest at Santa Rosa National Park. Line- and shape-based waveform metrics were used to record the overall changes in the TDF structure. Based on a 16-year growth analysis, notable variations in height-related profiles were observed, particularly for RH50, RH100, and waveform-produced canopy heights. The results showed that Cy and RG have increased since the forests have been growing, whereas Cx has decreased. The decrease in Cx is because ground returns are lower when the canopy density i and canopy height increase. A positive relationship was observed between Cy and CH, RG, and RH100, particularly for the wet season data collected in 2021. These findings provide important insights into the growth dynamics of TDFs in Santa Rosa National Park and could inform future conservation efforts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15194677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T10:48:31Z","timestamp":1695552511000},"page":"4677","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Studying Tropical Dry Forests Secondary Succession (2005\u20132021) Using Two Different LiDAR Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5252-9665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenzherui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Earth Observation Sciences (CEOS), Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7768-6600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturo","family":"Sanchez-Azofeifa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Earth Observation Sciences (CEOS), Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada"}]},{"given":"Connor","family":"Bax","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Earth Observation Sciences (CEOS), Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2004.10.072","article-title":"Stand dynamics and basal area change in a tropical dry forest reserve in Nicaragua","volume":"208","author":"Rivas","year":"2005","journal-title":"For. 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