{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T16:23:29Z","timestamp":1784219009078,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42174012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42174012"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Based on various velocity fields from Global Positioning System (GPS) data over nearly 20 years in the Sichuan\u2013Yunnan region, this paper calculated the strain rate field and its spatiotemporal characteristics by using an improved least squares collocation method. We evaluated the calculated strain field by extensively discussing the impact of non-tectonic factors on the calculation. Subsequently, we described the present-day strain rate features and their spatiotemporal variations. The results indicate the necessity of considering the influence of non-tectonic factors when calculating the strain rate field by using GPS velocity data. Widespread strain accumulation is observed in the Sichuan\u2013Yunnan region, and significant second strain rate invariant with an average value of 33.1 nanostrain\/yr primarily occurs along the eastern boundary faults of the Sichuan\u2013Yunnan rhomboid block, specifically the Xianshuihe\u2013Anninghe\u2013Zemuhe\u2013Xiaojiang fault systems. These fault systems also demarcate the zones with negative and positive dilation strain. According to the spatiotemporal variations of strain rate fields, the northern and southern segments of the Xianshuihe Fault, the Anninghe Fault and its eastern adjacent faults, and the Xiaojiang Fault are undergoing intensifying strain. Consequently, these zones should be paid more attention due to their relatively higher seismic risk in the Sichuan\u2013Yunnan region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15194724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T07:38:46Z","timestamp":1695800326000},"page":"4724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Horizontal Crustal Deformation in the Sichuan\u2013Yunnan Region Using GPS Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Quanshu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4383-2654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaihua","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanghong","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5487-5078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunlong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengxiang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1360\/03yd9032","article-title":"Basic characteristics of active tectonics of China","volume":"46","author":"Deng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sci. 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