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Wong Education Foundation","award":["Y934031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y934031"]}]},{"name":"CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia","award":["42230708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42230708"]}]},{"name":"CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia","award":["42150410393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42150410393"]}]},{"name":"CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia","award":["XDA20060303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA20060303"]}]},{"name":"CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia","award":["2021XJKK1044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021XJKK1044"]}]},{"name":"CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia","award":["GJTD-2020-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GJTD-2020-14"]}]},{"name":"CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia","award":["Y934031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y934031"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The lack of observed data makes research on the cryosphere and ecology extremely difficult, especially in Central Asia\u2019s hilly regions. Before their direct hydroclimatic uses, the performance study of gridded precipitation datasets (GPDS) is of utmost importance. This study assessed the multiscale ground evaluation of three reanalysis datasets (ERA5, MEERA2, and APHRO) and five satellite datasets (PERSIANN-PDIR, CHIRPS, GPM-SM2Rain, SM2Rain-ASCAT, and SM2Rain-CCI). Several temporal scales (daily, monthly, seasonal (winter, spring, summer, autumn), and annual) of all the GPDS were analyzed across the complete spatial domain and point-to-pixel scale from January 2000 to December 2013. The validation of GPDS was evaluated using evaluation indices (Root Mean Square Error, correlation coefficient, bias, and relative bias) and categorical indices (False Alarm Ratio, Probability of Detection, success ratio, and Critical Success Index). The performance of all GPDS was also analyzed based on different elevation zones (\u22641500, \u22642500, &gt;2500 m). According to the results, the daily estimations of the spatiotemporal tracking abilities of CHIRPS, APHRO, and GPM-SM2Rain are superior to those of the other datasets. All GPDS performed better on a monthly scale than they performed on a daily scale when the ranges were adequate (CC &gt; 0.7 and r-BIAS (10)). Apart from the winter season, the CHIRPS beat all the other GPDS in standings of POD on a daily and seasonal scale. In the summer, all GPDS showed underestimations, but GPM showed the biggest underestimation (\u221270). Additionally, the CHIRPS indicated the best overall performance across all seasons. As shown by the probability density function (PDF %), all GPDS demonstrated more adequate performance in catching the light precipitation (&gt;2 mm\/day) events. APHRO and SM2Rain-CCI typically function moderately at low elevations, whereas all GPDS showed underestimation across the highest elevation &gt;2500 m. As an outcome, we strongly suggest employing the CHIRPS precipitation product\u2019s daily, and monthly estimates for hydroclimatic applications over the hilly region of Tajikistan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15204990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T08:10:19Z","timestamp":1697530219000},"page":"4990","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Multiscale Evaluation of Gridded Precipitation Datasets across Varied Elevation Zones in Central Asia\u2019s Hilly Region"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6759-9773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuchekhr","family":"Gulakhmadov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"Institute of Water Problems, Hydropower, and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe 734042, Tajikistan"},{"name":"Committee for Environmental Protection under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe 734034, Tajikistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2366-2491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aminjon","family":"Gulakhmadov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"Institute of Water Problems, Hydropower, and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe 734042, Tajikistan"},{"name":"Department of Hydraulics and Hydro Informatics, \u201cTashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers\u201d, National Research University, Tashkent 60111496, Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8590-3708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Umar Nadeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering Mechanics and Energy, System and Information Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan"},{"name":"Climate, Energy and Water Research Institute, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7061-1809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nekruz","family":"Gulahmadov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"Institute of Water Problems, Hydropower, and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe 734042, Tajikistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6879-4818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arvor, D., Funatsu, B.M., Michot, V., and Dubreui, V. 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