{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:24:30Z","timestamp":1769732670060,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC3701204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3701204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023B05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023B05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, China Meteorological Administration","award":["2022YFC3701204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3701204"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, China Meteorological Administration","award":["2023B05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023B05"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Based on OMI\/MLS data (2005\u20132020) and Community Earth System Model (CESM2) simulated results (2001\u20132020), annual variation trends of tropospheric column ozone (TCO) in the recent two decades are explored, and the separate impacts of meteorological conditions and emissions on TCO are quantified. The stratospheric ozone tracer (O3S) is used to quantify the contribution of stratospheric ozone to the trend of TCO. The evaluation shows that the simulated results capture the spatial-temporal distributions and the trends of tropospheric column ozone well. Over the East Asia and Southeast Asia regions, TCO is increasing, with a rate of ~0.2 DU\/yr, which is primarily attributed to the emission changes in ozone precursors, nitrogen oxide (NOx) and volatile organic chemicals (VOCs). But the changes in meteorological conditions weaken the increase in TCO, even leading to a decrease in East Asia in spring and summer. TCO is decreasing in the middle and high latitudes of the southern hemisphere, which is mainly attributed to the changes in meteorological conditions. The increasing rates are the highest in autumn, especially over North America, East Asia, Europe and South of East Asia, with rate values of 0.20, 0.31, 0.17, and 0.32 DU\/yr, respectively. Over the equatorial region, the contribution of stratospheric ozone to TCO is below 10 DU, and shows a weak positive trend of ~0.2 DU\/yr. In the latitude of ~30\u00b0N\/S, the stratospheric contribution is high, ~25 DU, and is affected by the sinking branch of the Brewer\u2013Dobson circulation and stratosphere\u2013troposphere exchange in the vicinity of tropical jet stream. The stratospheric contribution to TCO in the north of 30\u00b0N is significantly decreasing (~0.6 DU\/yr) under the influence of meteorological conditions. Changes in emissions weaken the decrease in stratospheric contributions in the north of 30\u00b0N and enhance the increase in 30\u00b0S\u201330\u00b0N significantly. The trends of stratospheric contributions on TCO partly explain the trends of TCO which are mostly affected by the change in emissions. To control the increasing TCO, actions to reduce emissions are urgently needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15225293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T08:08:58Z","timestamp":1699517338000},"page":"5293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Impact of Meteorological Conditions and Emissions on Tropospheric Column Ozone Trends in Recent Years"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0212-8924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuewei","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME), School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Yifan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME), School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"},{"name":"Xuchang Meteorological Service, Xuchang 450003, China"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Provincial Weather Modification Center, Shijiazhuang 051430, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5397-2872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK"},{"name":"National Centre for Atmospheric Science, York YO10 5DD, UK"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1475","article-title":"The distribution characteristics of total ozone and its relationship with stratospheric temperature during boreal winter in the recent 30 years","volume":"58","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chin. 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