{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T04:42:36Z","timestamp":1773204156638,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2019YFE0127300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFE0127300"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["41901367"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41901367"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["30-Y60B01-9003-22\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30-Y60B01-9003-22\/23"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2019YFE0127300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFE0127300"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["41901367"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41901367"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["30-Y60B01-9003-22\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30-Y60B01-9003-22\/23"]}]},{"name":"Major Project of High Resolution Earth Observation System","award":["2019YFE0127300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFE0127300"]}]},{"name":"Major Project of High Resolution Earth Observation System","award":["41901367"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41901367"]}]},{"name":"Major Project of High Resolution Earth Observation System","award":["30-Y60B01-9003-22\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30-Y60B01-9003-22\/23"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The GaoFen-1 wide field of view (GF-1 WFV) has produced level 1 digital number data globally; however, most applications have focused on China, and data quality outside China has not been validated. This study presents a preliminary assessment of the 2020 GF-1 WFV surface reflectance data for Nepal, Azerbaijan, Kenya, and Sri Lanka along \u201cthe Belt and Road\u201d route using Sentinel-2 Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI), Landsat-8 Operational Land Image (OLI), and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. A method for obtaining the GF-1 WFV surface reflectance data was also proposed, with steps including atmospheric correction, cross-radiation calibration, and bidirectional reflectance distribution function correction. The results showed that WFV surface reflectance data was not significantly different from MSI, OLI, and MODIS surface reflectance data. In the visible and near-infrared bands, for most landcover types, the bias was less than 0.02, and the precision and root mean square error were less than 0.04. When the landcover types were forest and water, the MSI, OLI, and MODIS surface reflectance data were higher than that of WFV in the near-infrared band. The results of this study provide a basis for assessing the global application potential of GF-1 WFV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15225382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T00:49:47Z","timestamp":1700182187000},"page":"5382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["GF-1 WFV Surface Reflectance Quality Evaluation in Countries along \u201cthe Belt and Road\u201d"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yaozong","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Xingfa","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang 065000, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1963-4145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2768-7960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China"}]},{"given":"Tianhai","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"given":"Xiangqin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Man","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2015.11.031","article-title":"Radiometric cross-calibration of Gaofen-1 WFV cameras using Landsat-8 OLI images: A solution for large view angle associated problems","volume":"174","author":"Feng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Remote Sens. 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