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In order to classify these levels, the use of machine learning (ML) algorithms can help process the data faster and more accurately. The objectives were: (I) to evaluate the spectral behavior of the G. brimblecombei attack levels; (II) find the most accurate ML algorithm for classifying pest attack levels; (III) find the input configuration that improves performance of the algorithms. Data were collected from a clonal eucalyptus plantation (clone AEC 0144\u2014Eucalyptus urophilla) aged 10.3 months old. Eighty sample evaluations were carried out considering the following severity levels: control (no shells), low infestation (N1), intermediate infestation (N2), and high infestation (N3), for which leaf spectral reflectances were obtained using a spectroradiometer. The spectral range acquired by the equipment was 350 to 2500 nm. After obtaining the wavelengths, they were grouped into representative interval means in 28 bands. Data were submitted to the following ML algorithms: artificial neural networks (ANN), REPTree (DT) and J48 decision trees, random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and conventional logistic regression (LR) analysis. Two input configurations were tested: using only the wavelengths (ALL) and using the spectral bands (SB) to classify the attack levels. The output variable was the severity of G. brimblecombei attack. There were differences in the hyperspectral behavior of the leaves for the different attack levels. The highest attack level shows the greatest distinction and the highest reflectance values. LR and SVM show better accuracy in classifying the severity levels of G. brimblecombei attack. For the correct classification percentage, the RL and SVM algorithms performed better, both with accuracy above 90%. Both algorithms achieved F-score values close to 0.90 and above 0.8 for Kappa. The entire spectral range guaranteed the best accuracy for both algorithms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15245657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T05:57:08Z","timestamp":1701928628000},"page":"5657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Machine Learning in the Hyperspectral Classification of Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera Psyllidae) Attack Severity in Eucalyptus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8577-0986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriella Silva de","family":"Gregori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus of Chapad\u00e3o do Sul, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Chapad\u00e3o do Sul 79560-000, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9708-3775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elis\u00e2ngela","family":"de Souza Loureiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus of Chapad\u00e3o do Sul, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Chapad\u00e3o do Sul 79560-000, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4646-062X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Gustavo","family":"Amorim Pessoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus of Chapad\u00e3o do Sul, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Chapad\u00e3o do Sul 79560-000, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gileno Brito de","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus of Chapad\u00e3o do Sul, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Chapad\u00e3o do Sul 79560-000, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2374-5454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glauce Ta\u00eds de Oliveira Sousa","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus of Chapad\u00e3o do Sul, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Chapad\u00e3o do Sul 79560-000, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dthenifer Cordeiro","family":"Santana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, State University of S\u00e3o Paulo (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4666-801X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela Cristina de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, State University of S\u00e3o Paulo (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Lucas Gouveia de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, State University of S\u00e3o Paulo (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8121-0119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larissa Pereira Ribeiro","family":"Teodoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus of Chapad\u00e3o do Sul, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Chapad\u00e3o do Sul 79560-000, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9522-0342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio Henrique Rojo","family":"Baio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus of Chapad\u00e3o do Sul, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Chapad\u00e3o do Sul 79560-000, MS, 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University, 307 Sturgis Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70726, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"501","article-title":"Glycaspis Brimblecombei Moore, 1964 (Hemiptera Psyllidae) Invasion and New Records in the Mediterranean Area","volume":"4","author":"Reguia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biodivers. 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