{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:44:05Z","timestamp":1760150645989,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000270","name":"Natural Environment Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NE\/T004002\/1","2021YFC2803303","42171133","41776200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NE\/T004002\/1","2021YFC2803303","42171133","41776200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["NE\/T004002\/1","2021YFC2803303","42171133","41776200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NE\/T004002\/1","2021YFC2803303","42171133","41776200"]}]},{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["NE\/T004002\/1","2021YFC2803303","42171133","41776200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NE\/T004002\/1","2021YFC2803303","42171133","41776200"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Change of supraglacial lakes (SGLs) is an important hydrological activity on the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS), and storage and drainage of SGLs occur throughout the year. However, current studies tend to split SGL changes into melt\/non-melt seasons, ignoring the effect of buried lakes in the exploration of drainage, and the existing threshold-based approach to SGL extraction in a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is influenced by the choice of the study area mask. In this study, a new method (Otsu\u2013Canny\u2013Otsu (OCO)), which accesses the features of SGLs on optical and SAR images objectively, is proposed for full-year SGL extraction with Google Earth Engine (GEE). The SGLs on the Petermann Glacier were monitored well by OCO throughout 2021, including buried lakes and more detailed rapid drainage events. Some SGLs\u2019 extent varied minimally in a year (area varying by 10\u201325%) while some had very rapid drainage (a rapid drainage event from July 26 to 30). The SGL extraction results were influenced by factors such as the mode of polarization, the surface environment, and the depth of the lake. The OCO method can provide a more comprehensive analysis for SGL changes throughout the year.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15245726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T08:12:57Z","timestamp":1702627977000},"page":"5726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Monitoring of Supraglacial Lake Distribution and Full-Year Changes Using Multisource Time-Series Satellite Imagery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5773-1371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongyu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK"}]},{"given":"Chunxia","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6613-0188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yikai","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5100-3584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ce","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK"},{"name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK"},{"name":"School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1288","article-title":"Anomalous Surface Elevation, Velocity, and Area Changes of Split Lake Glacier, Western Prince of Wales Icefield, Canadian High Arctic","volume":"8","author":"Copland","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arct. 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