{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T14:37:41Z","timestamp":1762353461691,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007144","name":"University of Houston","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007144","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Historically, the Texas Gulf Coast has been affected by many tropical storms and hurricanes. The most recent severe impact was caused by Hurricane Harvey, which made landfall in August 2017 on the central Texas coast. We evaluated the impact of Hurricane Harvey on the barrier islands of the central Texas coast, including San Jose Island, Mustang Island, and North Padre Island. We used public data sets, including 1 m resolution bare-earth digital elevation models (DEMs), derived from airborne lidar acquisitions before (2016) and after (2018) Hurricane Harvey, and sub-meter scale aerial imagery pre- and post-Harvey to evaluate changes at a regional scale. Shoreline proxies were extracted to quantify shoreline retreat and\/or advance, and DEM differencing was performed to quantify net sediment erosion and accretion or deposition. Unmanned aerial vehicle surveys were conducted at each island to produce high-resolution (cm scale) imagery and topographic data used for morphological and change analyses of beaches and dunes at the local scale. The results show that Hurricane Harvey caused drastic local shoreline retreat, reaching 59 m, and significant erosion levels of beach\u2212dune elements immediately after its landfall. Erosion and recovery processes and their levels were influenced by the local geomorphology of the beach\u2212foredune complexes. It is also observed that local depositional events contributed to their post-storm rebuilding. This study aims to enhance the understanding of major storm impacts on coastal areas and help in future protection planning of the Texas coast. It also has broader implications for coastlines on Earth affected by major storms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15245779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T10:04:47Z","timestamp":1702893887000},"page":"5779","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Quantifying the Impact of Hurricane Harvey on Beach\u2212Dune Systems of the Central Texas Coast and Monitoring Their Changes Using UAV Photogrammetry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0872-1067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aydin","family":"Shahtakhtinskiy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3848-8190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuhab D.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"}]},{"given":"Sara S.","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.2112\/JCOASTRES-D-15-00241.1","article-title":"Shoreline and Sand Storage Dynamics from Annual Airborne LIDAR Surveys, Texas Gulf Coast","volume":"33","author":"Paine","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"560","article-title":"Morphological Impacts of Extreme Storms on Sandy Beaches and Barriers","volume":"19","author":"Morton","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.2112\/05-0440.1","article-title":"Morphological and Sedimentological Impacts of Hurricane Ivan and Immediate Poststorm Beach Recovery along the Northwestern Florida Barrier-Island Coasts","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hayes, M.O. (1967). Hurricanes as Geological Agents: Case Studies of Hurricanes Carla, 1961, and Cindy, 1963, The University of Texas at Austin. Bureau of Economic Geology.","DOI":"10.23867\/RI0061D"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morton, R.A., and Paine, J.G. (1985). Beach and Vegetation-Line Changes at Galveston Island, Texas: Erosion, Deposition, and Recovery from Hurricane Alicia; Austin, Texas, The University of Texas at Austin. Bureau of Economic Geology.","DOI":"10.23867\/GC8505D"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2013.06.011","article-title":"Impacts of Hurricane Ike on the Beaches of the Bolivar Peninsula, TX, USA","volume":"199","author":"Sherman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03906","article-title":"Increasing Destructiveness of Tropical Cyclones over the Past 30 Years","volume":"436","author":"Emanuel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1029\/2006EO240001","article-title":"Atlantic Hurricane Trends Linked to Climate Change","volume":"87","author":"Mann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eos"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2695","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2007.2083","article-title":"Heightened Tropical Cyclone Activity in the North Atlantic: Natural Variability or Climate Trend?","volume":"365","author":"Holland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"NOAA (2022, June 30). Historical Hurricane Tracks, Available online: https:\/\/coast.noaa.gov\/hurricanes\/#map=4\/32\/-80\/."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stockdon, H.F., Doran, K.J., Thompson, D.M., Sopkin, K.L., Plant, N.G., and Sallenger, A.H. (2022, June 20). National Assessment of Hurricane-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards: Gulf of Mexico, Available online: https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/2012\/1084\/.","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr20121084"},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Bird, E. (2008). Coastal Geomorphology: An Introduction, Wiley. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwartz, M.L. (2005). Encyclopedia of Coastal Science, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3880-1"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2007.12.007","article-title":"Controls on Coastal Dune Morphology, Shoreline Erosion and Barrier Island Response to Extreme Storms","volume":"100","author":"Houser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.2112\/JCOASTRES-D-14-00133.1","article-title":"Assessment and Monetary Valuation of the Storm Protection Function of Beaches and Foredunes on the Texas Coast","volume":"31","author":"Taylor","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.2112\/JCOASTRES-D-18-00069.1","article-title":"Beach, Dune, and Nearshore Analysis of Southern Texas Gulf Coast Using Chiroptera LIDAR and Imaging System","volume":"35","author":"Caudle","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.2112\/07-0985.1","article-title":"Coastal 3-D Morphological Change Analysis Using LiDAR Series Data: A Case Study of Assateague Island National Seashore","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"502","article-title":"Estimation of Shoreline Position and Change Using Airborne Topographic Lidar Data","volume":"18","author":"Stockdon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"125","article-title":"Evaluation of Airborne Topographic Lidar for Quantifying Beach Changes","volume":"19","author":"Sallenger","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.2112\/02057.1","article-title":"Quantification of Beach Changes Caused by Hurricane Floyd along Florida\u2019s Atlantic Coast Using Airborne Laser Surveys","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2006.11.003","article-title":"Hurricane-Induced Beach Change Derived from Airborne Laser Measurements near Panama City, Florida","volume":"237","author":"Robertson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mar. Geol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stockdon, H.F., Doran, K.S., and Sallenger, A.H. (2009). Extraction of Lidar-Based Dune-Crest Elevations for Use in Examining the Vulnerability of Beaches to Inundation during Hurricanes. J. Coast. Res., 59\u201365.","DOI":"10.2112\/SI53-007.1"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2016.05.011","article-title":"Assessment of Beach and Dune Erosion and Accretion Using LiDAR: Impact of the Stormy 2013-14 Winter and Longer Term Trends on the Sefton Coast, UK","volume":"266","author":"Pye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-555X(02)00185-X","article-title":"Spatial Characterization, Resolution, and Volumetric Change of Coastal Dunes Using Airborne LIDAR: Cape Hatteras, North Carolina","volume":"48","author":"Woolard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2113\/10.1.1","article-title":"Quantifying Rapid Changes in Coastal Topography Using Modern Mapping Techniques and Geographic Information System","volume":"10","author":"Mitasova","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Eng. Geosci."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2005.05.007","article-title":"Beach-Dune Morphological Relationships and Erosion\/Accretion: An Investigation at Five Sites in England and Wales Using LIDAR Data","volume":"72","author":"Saye","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"27","article-title":"Seasonal Dune and Beach Monitoring Using Photogrammetry from UAV Surveys to Apply in the ICZM on the Ravenna Coast (Emilia-Romagna, Italy)","volume":"7","author":"Scarelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Appl."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laporte-Fauret, Q., Marieu, V., Castelle, B., Michalet, R., Bujan, S., and Rosebery, D. (2019). Low-Cost UAV for High-Resolution and Large-Scale Coastal Dune Change Monitoring Using Photogrammetry. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse7030063"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.06.186","article-title":"Monitoring the Dune-Beach System of Guardamar Del Segura (Spain) Using UAV, SfM and GIS Techniques","volume":"687","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rojas, S.S., Khan, S.D., and Shahtakhtinskiy, A. (2022). Impact of Hurricane Harvey on the Upper Texas Coast: Using Airborne Lidar Data Sets with UAV-Derived Topographic Data to Monitor Change and Track Recovery. Remote Sens., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14215357"},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Blake, E.S., and Zelinsky, D.A. (2018). Hurricane Harvey (AL092017)."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"(2022, June 23). National Hurricane Center, Available online: https:\/\/www.nhc.noaa.gov\/."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Gibeaut, J., del Angel, D., Lord, A., Lupher, B., Lumb, L., and Anderson, M. (2015). Mustang and North Padre Island Beach Maintenance Impacts and Recommendations for Best Management Practices: A Report to the General Land Office under GLO Contract No. 14-246-000-8341, Texas A&M University\u2014Corpus Christi, Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Gingras, M.A. (2017). Small-Scale Morphodynamics of Maintained and Unmaintained Beaches on Mustang Island, Texas. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Texas A&M University\u2014Corpus Christi]."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1803501","article-title":"Mapping Coastal Environments with Lidar and EM on Mustang Island, Texas, U.S.","volume":"23","author":"Paine","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lead. Edge"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-555X(02)00184-8","article-title":"Foredunes and Blowouts: Initiation, Geomorphology and Dynamics","volume":"48","author":"Hesp","year":"2002","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"328","article-title":"Coastal Dunes","volume":"Volume 11","author":"Shroder","year":"2013","journal-title":"Treatise on Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"(2021). ArcGIS Pro, Esri Inc.. version 2.9.2."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"Gibeaut, J.C., and Caudle, T.L. (2009). Defining and Mapping Foredunes, the Line of Vegetation, and Shorelines along the Texas Gulf Coast, The University of Texas at Austin. Bureau of Economic Geology. Final Report Prepared for the Texas General Land Office, Contract No. 07-005-22."},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Paine, J.G., Caudle, T., and Andrews, J.R. (2021). Shoreline Movement and Beach and Dune Volumetrics along the Texas Gulf Coast, 1930s to 2019, The University of Texas at Austin. Bureau of Economic Geology. Report Prepared for General Land Office under Contract No. 16-201-000."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Himmelstoss, E.A., Henderson, R.E., Kratzmann, M.G., and Farris, A.S. (2021). Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) Version 5.1 User Guide, Open-File Report 2021\u20131091.","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr20211091"},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"(2020). ArcGIS Drone2Map, Esri Inc.. version 2.3."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2019.01.018","article-title":"The role of beach and sand dune vegetation in mediating wave run up erosion","volume":"219","author":"Feagin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Rusinek, D. (2020). Analyzing the Effects of Hurricane Harvey on Dune Morphology and Coastline Loss Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning: A Case Study at Bryan Beach, Texas. [Master\u2019s Thesis, University of Houston]."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sedgeo.2005.12.023","article-title":"Barrier-Island Aggradation via Inlet Migration: Mustang Island, Texas","volume":"187","author":"Simms","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sediment. Geol."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/15\/24\/5779\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:40:52Z","timestamp":1760132452000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/15\/24\/5779"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["rs15245779"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs15245779","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-4292"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]}}}