{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T08:05:48Z","timestamp":1761897948843,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007101","name":"the Research Foundation of Liaocheng University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["318052254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["318052254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007101","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ponds constitute a pivotal component of aquatic ecosystems. The aquatic ecosystem of the Huai River Basin (HRB) in China was once damaged by severe pollution, and numerous ponds in the basin have not been secured. In this paper, Shenqiu County, a typical county in HRB with many ponds, is selected. Based on high-resolution images with ALOS in 2010, GF-2 in 2016, and GF-1 in 2022, we employed discriminant analysis (DA), classification and regression tree, support vector machine, and random forest to extract the ponds based on object-oriented and further analyzed the spatial-temporal variations of the ponds in this county. The results of the DA in these three years exhibited a higher kappa coefficient (&gt;0.7), and overall accuracy (&gt;75%), signifying superior performance when compared to the other three methods. There were 4625, 5315, and 4748 ponds in 2010, 2016, and 2022, with a total area of 12.87, 11.99, and 9.37 km2, respectively. The number of ponds had a trend of rising in the initial period (2010\u20132016) and falling later (2016\u20132022), while the total area revealed a continuous decline. Meanwhile, these ponds showed a clustering phenomenon with three main clustering areas, and the scope of the clustering areas also changed to a certain extent from 2010 to 2022. Our study offers valuable methodological support for the ecological monitoring and management of water environments in regions characterized by a dense concentration of ponds. The crucial data related to ponds in this study will help inform both environmental and social development initiatives within the area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16010039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T08:16:02Z","timestamp":1703146562000},"page":"39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Monitoring Spatio-Temporal Variations of Ponds in Typical Rural Area in the Huai River Basin of China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9192-5783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhonglin","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6948-5769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyan","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Chenfeng","family":"Zha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Goldenwater Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4844-7832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eshetu Shifaw","family":"Adem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China"},{"name":"Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wollo University, Dessie 1145, Ethiopia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-007-9225-8","article-title":"The ecology of European ponds: Defining the characteristics of a neglected freshwater habitat","volume":"597","author":"Cereghino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2023.110113","article-title":"Continental-scale wetland mapping: A novel algorithm for detailed wetland types classification based on time series Sentinel-1\/2 images","volume":"148","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ecol. 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