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Monitoring and predicting gross primary production (GPP) and transpiration (T) in these fields is crucial to improve crop yield estimation and management. While moderate-spatial-resolution (MSR, hundreds of meters) satellite images have been employed in several models to estimate GPP and T, the potential of high-spatial-resolution (HSR, tens of meters) imagery has been considered in only a few publications, and it is underexplored in sugarcane fields. Our study evaluated the efficacy of MSR and HSR satellite images in predicting daily GPP and T for sugarcane plantations at two sites equipped with eddy flux towers: Louisiana, USA (subtropical climate) and Sao Paulo, Brazil (tropical climate). We employed the Vegetation Photosynthesis Model (VPM) and Vegetation Transpiration Model (VTM) with C4 photosynthesis pathway, integrating vegetation index data derived from satellite images and on-ground weather data, to calculate daily GPP and T. The seasonal dynamics of vegetation indices from both MSR images (MODIS sensor, 500 m) and HSR images (Landsat, 30 m; Sentinel-2, 10 m) tracked well with the GPP seasonality from the EC flux towers. The enhanced vegetation index (EVI) from the HSR images had a stronger correlation with the tower-based GPP. Our findings underscored the potential of HSR imagery for estimating GPP and T in smaller sugarcane plantations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16010046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T10:53:52Z","timestamp":1703156032000},"page":"46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Improved Modeling of Gross Primary Production and Transpiration of Sugarcane Plantations with Time-Series Landsat and Sentinel-2 Images"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4784-3884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Celis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Earth Observation and Modeling, School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0956-7428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangming","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Earth Observation and Modeling, School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0545-3618","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Paul M.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture Research Service, Sugarcane Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Houma, LA 70360, USA"}]},{"given":"Osvaldo M. R.","family":"Cabral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariuna 13918-110, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Helber C.","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Baur\u00fa 17033-360, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2008.02.028","article-title":"The sustainability of ethanol production from sugarcane","volume":"36","author":"Goldemberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2009.05.010","article-title":"Biofuels securing the planet\u2019s future energy needs","volume":"50","author":"Demirbas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Energy Convers. 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