{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T16:10:21Z","timestamp":1782922221362,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,25]],"date-time":"2023-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42301336"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42301336"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFE0117800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFE0117800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42301336"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42301336"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFE0117800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFE0117800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the development of remote sensing technology, a number of fine-resolution (30-m) global\/national land cover (LC) products have been developed. However, accuracy assessments for the developed LC products are commonly conducted at global and national scales. Due to the limited availability of representative validation observations and reference data, knowledge relating to the accuracy and applicability of existing LC products on a regional scale is limited. Since Xinjiang, China, exhibits diverse surface cover and fragmented urban landscapes, existing LC products generally have high classification uncertainty in this region. This makes Xinjiang suitable for assessing the accuracy and consistency of exiting fine-resolution land cover products. In order to improve knowledge of the accuracy of existing fine-resolution LC products at the regional scale, Xinjiang province was selected as the case area. First, we employed an equal-area stratified random sampling approach with climate, population density, and landscape heterogeneity information as constraints, along with the hexagonal discrete global grid system (HDGGS) as basic sampling grids to develop a high-density land cover validation dataset for Xinjiang (HDLV-XJ) in 2020. This is the first publicly available regionally high-density validation dataset that can support analysis at a regional scale, comprising a total of 20,932 validation samples. Then, based on the generated HDLV-XJ dataset, the accuracies and consistency among three widely used 30-m LC products, GLC_FCS30, GlobeLand30, and CLCD, were quantitatively evaluated. The results indicated that the CLC_FCS30 exhibited the highest overall accuracy (88.10%) in Xinjiang, followed by GlobeLand30 (with an overall accuracy of 83.58%) and CLCD (81.57%). Moreover, through a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between different environmental conditions and land cover product performance, we found that GlobeLand30 performed best in regions with high landscape fragmentation, while GLC_FCS30 stood out as the most outstanding product in areas with uneven proportions of land cover types. Our study provides a novel insight into the suitability of these three widely-used LC products under various environmental conditions. The findings and dataset can provide valuable insights for the application of existing LC products in different environment conditions, offering insights into their accuracies and limitations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16010082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,25]],"date-time":"2023-12-25T23:00:12Z","timestamp":1703545212000},"page":"82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Regional Accuracy Assessment of 30-Meter GLC_FCS30, GlobeLand30, and CLCD Products: A Case Study in Xinjiang Area"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0752-9950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingpeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9102-2974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xidong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China"},{"name":"Future Urbanity & Sustainable Environment (FUSE) Lab, Division of Landscape Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999007, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-13-2753-2021","article-title":"GLC_FCS30: Global land-cover product with fine classification system at 30 m using time-series Landsat imagery","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Earth Syst. 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