{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:48:02Z","timestamp":1760150882319,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]],"date-time":"2023-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2023YFB2604001","42371460","U22A20565","42171355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFB2604001","42371460","U22A20565","42171355"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFB2604001","42371460","U22A20565","42171355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFB2604001","42371460","U22A20565","42171355"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Time-series ground deformation monitoring and reservoir parameter inversion are crucial for the dynamic assessment of oilfield resources and sustainable exploitation in oilfields. As some of the regions with the richest oil reserves in China, the oilfield areas in the western Qaidam Basin were selected as a typical study area. Firstly, we used SAR images collected by the Sentinel-1A satellite from January 2021 to December 2022 and applied the multidimensional small baseline subset (MSBAS) method to obtain vertical and east\u2013west deformation measurements. On this basis, a nonlinear Bayesian inversion method was applied to model the shallow reservoir in a series of complex deformation areas, based on a single-source model and a multi-source model, respectively. As a result, the ground deformation monitoring results obtained by long time-series InSAR clearly reflect the uneven ground deformation caused by the oil extraction and water injection operation processes. There was slight subsidence in the Huatugou oilfield, while significant uplift deformation occurred in the Ganchaigou oilfield and the Youshashan oilfield, with a maximum uplift rate of 48 mm\/year. Further analysis indicated that the introduction of the 2D deformation field helps to improve the robustness of oilfield reservoir parameter inversion. Moreover, the dual-source model is more suitable than the single-source model for inverting reservoir parameters of complex deformation. This study not only fills the gap of InSAR deformation monitoring for the oilfields in the western Qaidam Basin but also provides a theoretical reference for the model and method selection of reservoir parameter inversion in other oilfields.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16010154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,31]],"date-time":"2023-12-31T04:51:51Z","timestamp":1703998311000},"page":"154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oilfield Reservoir Parameter Inversion Based on 2D Ground Deformation Measurements Acquired by a Time-Series MSBAS-InSAR Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9717-5023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anmengyun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0809-7682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"},{"name":"State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology for High-Speed Railway Safety, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}]},{"given":"Yunjie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}]},{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}]},{"given":"Age","family":"Shama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}]},{"given":"Runqing","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2021.122301","article-title":"Environmental Impacts Related to Drilling Fluid Waste and Treatment Methods: A Critical Review","volume":"310","author":"Pereira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoen.2023.211959","article-title":"Surface Subsidence and Uplift Resulting from Well Interventions Modeled with Coupled Analytical Solutions: Application to Groningen Gas Extraction (Netherlands) and CO2-EOR in the Kelly-Snyder Oil Field (West Texas)","volume":"228","author":"Weijermars","year":"2023","journal-title":"Geoenergy Sci. 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