{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T17:38:48Z","timestamp":1770917928545,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,31]],"date-time":"2023-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42001281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42001281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42371337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42371337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023A1515011946"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515011946"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JCYJ20230808105709020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20230808105709020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["42001281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42001281"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["42371337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42371337"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2023A1515011946"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515011946"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["JCYJ20230808105709020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20230808105709020"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["42001281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42001281"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["42371337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42371337"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["2023A1515011946"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515011946"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["JCYJ20230808105709020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20230808105709020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Accurate atmospheric correction (AC) is one fundamental and essential step for successful ocean colour remote-sensing applications. Currently, most ACs and the associated ocean colour remote-sensing applications are restricted to solar zenith angles (SZAs) lower than 70\u00b0. The ACs under high SZAs present degraded accuracy or even failure problems, rendering the satellite retrievals of water quality parameters more challenging. Additionally, the complexity of the bio-optical properties of the coastal waters and the presence of complex aerosols add to the difficulty of AC. To address this challenge, this study proposed an AC algorithm based on extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) for optically complex waters under high SZAs. The algorithm presented in this research has been developed using pairs of Geostationary Ocean Colour Imager (GOCI) high-quality noontime remote-sensing reflectance (Rrs) and the Rayleigh-corrected reflectance (\u03c1rc) derived from the Ocean Colour\u2013Simultaneous Marine and Aerosol Retrieval Tool (OC-SMART) in the morning (08:55 LT) and at dusk (15:55 LT). The algorithm was further examined using the daily GOCI images acquired in the morning and at dusk, and the hourly (total suspended sediment) TSS concentration was also obtained based on the atmospherically corrected GOCI data. The results showed that: (i) the model produced an accurate fitting performance (R2 \u2265 0.90, RMSD \u2264 0.0034 sr\u22121); (ii) the model had a high validation accuracy with an independent dataset (R2 = 0.92\u20130.97, MAPD = 8.2\u201326.81% and quality assurance (QA) score = 0.9\u20131); and (iii) the model successfully retrieved more valid Rrs for GOCI images under high SZAs and enhanced the accuracy and coverage of TSS mapping. This algorithm has great potential to be applied to AC for optically complex waters under high SZAs, thus increasing the frequency of available observations in a day.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16010183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,31]],"date-time":"2023-12-31T10:01:06Z","timestamp":1704016866000},"page":"183","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Ocean Colour Atmospheric Correction for Optically Complex Waters under High Solar Zenith Angles: Facilitating Frequent Diurnal Monitoring and Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yongquan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Study, Tiandu-Shenzhen University Deep Space Exploration Joint Laboratory, Space Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Light & Life Laboratory, Department of Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9018-985X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huizeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Study, Tiandu-Shenzhen University Deep Space Exploration Joint Laboratory, Space Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Zhengxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Yanru","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Marine Development & Promotion Center, Shenzhen 518034, China"}]},{"given":"Demei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Study, Tiandu-Shenzhen University Deep Space Exploration Joint Laboratory, Space Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Qingquan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Study, Tiandu-Shenzhen University Deep Space Exploration Joint Laboratory, Space Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Guofeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, 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