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The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) provides a computational framework adept at capturing detailed wave interactions, offering a new approach to improve seismic wavefield simulations. Our study involves a novel comparative analysis of wavefields using different lattice Boltzmann models, focusing on how relaxation times, discrete velocity models, and collision operators affect simulation accuracy and efficiency. We explore the impacts of distinct relaxation times and evaluate their effects on wave propagation speed and fidelity. By incorporating four discrete velocity models of LBM, we innovatively investigate the trade-off between spatial resolution and computational complexity. Additionally, we delve into the implications of employing three collision operators\u2014single relaxation time (SRT), two relaxation times (TRT), and multiple relaxation times (MRT). By comparing their accuracy and stability, we provide insights into selecting the most suitable collision operator for capturing complex wave interactions. Our research provides a comprehensive framework to optimize the LBM parameters, enhancing both accuracy and efficiency in seismic wave simulations, and offers valuable insights to benefit wave simulation across diverse disciplines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16020285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T03:21:41Z","timestamp":1704943301000},"page":"285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Comparative Study of 2D Lattice Boltzmann Models for Simulating Seismic Waves"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4951-9837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muming","family":"Xia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Engineering Laboratory for Deep Resources Equipment and Technology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, and Innovation Academy for Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, CNPC Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China"}]},{"given":"Chuntao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, CNPC Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China"}]},{"given":"Jinming","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, CNPC Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, CNPC Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China"}]},{"given":"Hanming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, CNPC Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1441754","article-title":"Inversion of seismic reflection data in the acoustic approximation","volume":"49","author":"Tarantola","year":"1984","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1442046","article-title":"A strategy for nonlinear elastic inversion of seismic reflection data","volume":"51","author":"Tarantola","year":"1986","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"WCC1","DOI":"10.1190\/1.3238367","article-title":"An overview of full-waveform inversion in exploration","volume":"74","author":"Virieux","year":"2009","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2019.2944464","article-title":"Compound regularization of full-waveform inversion for imaging piecewise media","volume":"58","author":"Aghamiry","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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