{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T02:28:20Z","timestamp":1774664900021,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, China","award":["KLSMNR-K202205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KLSMNR-K202205"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Forest stock volume is the main factor to evaluate forest carbon sink level. At present, the combination of multi-source remote sensing and non-parametric models has been widely used in FSV estimation. However, the biodiversity of natural forests is complex, and the response of the spatial information of remote sensing images to FSV is significantly reduced, which seriously affects the accuracy of FSV estimation. To address this challenge, this paper takes China\u2019s Baishanzu Forest Park with representative characteristics of natural forests as the research object, integrates the forest survey data, SRTM data, and Landsat 8 images of Baishanzu Forest Park, constructs a time series dataset based on survey time, and establishes an FSV estimation model based on the CNN-LSTM-Attention algorithm. The model uses the convolutional neural network to extract the spatial features of remote sensing images, uses the LSTM to capture the time-varying characteristics of FSV, captures the feature variables with a high response to FSV through the attention mechanism, and finally completes the prediction of FSV. The experimental results show that some features (e.g., texture, elevation, etc.) of the dataset based on multi-source data feature variables are more effective in FSV estimation than spectral features. Compared with the existing models such as MLR and RF, the proposed model achieved higher accuracy in the study area (R2 = 0.8463, rMSE = 26.73 m3\/ha, MAE = 16.47 m3\/ha).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16020324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T11:43:53Z","timestamp":1705059833000},"page":"324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Integrating Remote Sensing Data and CNN-LSTM-Attention Techniques for Improved Forest Stock Volume Estimation: A Comprehensive Analysis of Baishanzu Forest Park, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4350-8974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1039-3138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}]},{"given":"Zhijun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Academy of Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology, Hangzhou 311100, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate2318","article-title":"Increasing forest disturbances in Europe and their impact on carbon storage","volume":"4","author":"Seidl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. 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