{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T03:59:25Z","timestamp":1769831965163,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2021YFC2803302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2803302"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2022YFC3104900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3104900"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["42176180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42176180"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China project","award":["2021YFC2803302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2803302"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China project","award":["2022YFC3104900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3104900"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China project","award":["42176180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42176180"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Arctic sea ice detection is very important in global climate research, Arctic ecosystem protection, ship navigation and human activities. In this paper, by combining the co-pol ratio (HH\/VV) and two kinds of cross-pol ratio (HV\/VV, HV\/HH), a novel sea ice detection method is proposed based on RADARSAT-2 quad-polarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Experimental results suggest that the co-pol ratio shows promising capability in sea ice detection at a wide range of incidence angles (25\u201350\u00b0), while the two kinds of cross-pol ratio are more applicable to sea ice detection at small incidence angles (20\u201335\u00b0). When incidence angles exceed 35\u00b0, wind conditions have a great effect on the performance of the cross-pol ratio. Our method is validated by comparison with the visual interpretation results. The overall accuracy is 96%, far higher than that of single polarization ratio (PR) parameter-based methods. Our method is suitable for sea ice detection in complex sea ice and wind conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16030515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T05:14:32Z","timestamp":1706591672000},"page":"515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sea Ice Detection from RADARSAT-2 Quad-Polarization SAR Imagery Based on Co- and Cross-Polarization Ratio"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5519-9241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2070-8343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China"},{"name":"School of Remote Sensing and Geomatics Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3598-2791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Perrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7514-3212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingsong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2020JC016133","DOI":"10.1029\/2020JC016133","article-title":"Arctic sea ice in two configurations of the CESM2 during the 20th and 21st centuries","volume":"125","author":"DeRepentigny","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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