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Scientific and Technological Personnel of Hainan Province","award":["183311KYSB20200003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["183311KYSB20200003"]}]},{"name":"Innovational Fund for Scientific and Technological Personnel of Hainan Province","award":["ZDYF2021GXJS040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDYF2021GXJS040"]}]},{"name":"Innovational Fund for Scientific and Technological Personnel of Hainan Province","award":["KJRC2023C05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJRC2023C05"]}]},{"name":"Innovational Fund for Scientific and Technological Personnel of Hainan Province","award":["YSBR-018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YSBR-018"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["42004134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42004134"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["42374204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42374204"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["41627804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41627804"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["Y32612A24S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y32612A24S"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["183311KYSB20200003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["183311KYSB20200003"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["ZDYF2021GXJS040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDYF2021GXJS040"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["KJRC2023C05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJRC2023C05"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["YSBR-018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YSBR-018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In March 2020, an all-solid-state dual-wavelength narrow-band lidar system was deployed. A total of 226 nights spanning from March 2020 to July 2022 were employed in order to investigate the seasonal variations of calcium atoms and ions in the mesosphere over Beijing (40.41\u00b0N, 116.01\u00b0E). The Ca+ layer shows general annual variation, while a semiannual variation is observed on the Ca layer. The calcium atomic column densities ranged from 2.0 \u00d7 106 to 1.1 \u00d7 108 cm\u22122, and the calcium ion column densities ranged from 1.6 \u00d7 106 to 4.2 \u00d7 108 cm\u22122. The mean centroid heights of Ca+ and Ca are 98.6 km and 93.0 km, respectively, and the centroid heights of Ca+ and Ca are mostly influenced by annual variations. The seasonal variation in the Ca+ and Ca layers in Beijing exhibits similarities to that of K\u00fchlungsborn (54\u00b0N). While the peak density of Ca+ in Beijing are similar to those observed in K\u00fchlungsborn, the peak density of the Ca layer in Beijing is about half of that reported in the Ca layer at 54\u00b0N. We provide an explanation for the disparities in the column abundance and centroid altitude of the Ca layer between Yanqing and K\u00fchlungsborn, discussing variations in neutralization among different metal ions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16030596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T09:31:58Z","timestamp":1707125518000},"page":"596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Seasonal Variation in the Mesospheric Ca Layer and Ca+ Layer Simultaneously Observed over Beijing (40.41\u00b0N, 116.01\u00b0E)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0885-3377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuchang","family":"Xun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zelong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"School of Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lifang","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhishan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haoran","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaohua","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guotao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GL081645","article-title":"The first concurrent observations of thermospheric Na layers from two nearby central midlatitude lidar stations","volume":"46","author":"Xun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geophys. 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Discuss."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/16\/3\/596\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T13:55:06Z","timestamp":1760104506000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/16\/3\/596"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["rs16030596"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs16030596","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]]}}}