{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T08:01:41Z","timestamp":1775376101100,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]],"date-time":"2024-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation","award":["NDT\/IT\/22\/07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NDT\/IT\/22\/07"]}]},{"name":"Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["NDT\/IT\/22\/07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NDT\/IT\/22\/07"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A series of typhoons and tropical storms have produced extreme precipitation events in Vietnam during the first part of the 2020 monsoon season: events of this magnitude pose significant challenges to remote sensing Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE) techniques. The weather-monitoring needs of modern human activities require that these challenges be overcome. In order to address this issue, in this work, seven precipitation products were validated with high spatial and temporal detail against over 1200 rain gauges in Vietnam during six case studies tailored around the most intense events of 2020. The data sources included the Vietnamese weather radar network, IMERG Early run and Final run, the South Korean GEO-KOMPSAT-2A and Chinese FengYun-4A geostationary satellites, DPR on board the GPM-Core Observatory, and European ERA5-Land reanalysis. All products were resampled to a standardized 0.02\u00b0 grid and compared at hourly scale with ground stations measurements. The results indicated that the radars product was the most capable of reproducing the information collected by the rain gauges during the selected extreme events, with a correlation coefficient of 0.70 and a coefficient of variation of 1.38. However, it exhibited some underestimation, approximately 30%, in both occurrence and intensity. Conversely, geostationary products tended to overestimate moderate rain rates (FY-4A) and areas with low precipitation (GK-2A). More complex products such as ERA5-Land and IMERG failed to capture the highest intensities typical of extreme events, while GPM-DPR showed promising results in detecting the highest rain rates, but its capability to observe isolated events was limited by its intermittent coverage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16050805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T10:40:17Z","timestamp":1708944017000},"page":"805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Extreme Rainfall Events of the 2020 Typhoon Season in Vietnam as Seen by Seven Different Precipitation Products"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6560-2307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Roversi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy \u201cAugusto Righi\u201d, University of Bologna (UNIBO), 40126 Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), National Research Council (CNR), 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8467-910X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Pancaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy \u201cAugusto Righi\u201d, University of Bologna (UNIBO), 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0349-1488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Cossich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy \u201cAugusto Righi\u201d, University of Bologna (UNIBO), 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1882-9754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Corradini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy \u201cAugusto Righi\u201d, University of Bologna (UNIBO), 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7253-3813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thanh Thi Nhat","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University (VNU), Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thu Vinh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Hydro-Meteorological Network (NCN), The Viet Nam Meteorological and Hydrological Administration (VNMHA), Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1283-7679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Porcu\u2019","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy \u201cAugusto Righi\u201d, University of Bologna (UNIBO), 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s10584-021-03261-3","article-title":"Attribution of typhoon-induced torrential precipitation in Central Vietnam, October 2020","volume":"169","author":"Luu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clim. 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