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Academy of Sciences","award":["JCKYS2022LD5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCKYS2022LD5"]}]},{"name":"Fund of Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["E1555401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E1555401"]}]},{"name":"Fund of Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["E1555402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E1555402"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ultra-long-distance and high-precision lightning location technology is an important means to realize low-cost and wide-area lightning detection. This paper carried out research on the high-precision location technology of very-low-frequency (VLF) lightning electromagnetic pulse based on the Asia-Pacific Lightning Location Network (APLLN) deployed in 2018. Two key technologies are proposed in this paper: one is the calculation method of signal arrival time using very-low-frequency lightning electromagnetic pulse waveform, and the other is the compression transmission technology of lightning electromagnetic pulse waveform based on a signal principal component analysis. The results of a comparison and evaluation of the improved APLLN with the ADTD system show that the APLLN has a relative location efficiency of 69.1% and an average location error within the network of 4.5 km.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16050885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T10:11:57Z","timestamp":1709547117000},"page":"885","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Improving the Detection Effect of Long-Baseline Lightning Location Networks Using PCA and Waveform Cross-Correlation Methods"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Environmental Space Situation Awareness, CAS, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6953-9229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaquan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"given":"Qiming","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Environmental Space Situation Awareness, CAS, Beijing 100190, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/2014EA000051","article-title":"Lightning locating systems: Insights on characteristics and validation techniques","volume":"2","author":"Nag","year":"2015","journal-title":"Earth Space Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.1029\/1999GL011058","article-title":"Broadband and narrowband RF interferometers for lightning observations","volume":"27","author":"Kawasaki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Geophys. 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