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The method effectively solves the difficulties associated with the above issues. By combining terrain-following photogrammetry (TFP) and perpendicular and slope surface photogrammetry (PSSP), the three-dimensional (3D) information can be efficiently obtained along the slope characteristics\u2019 surface, which avoids the information loss involved in traditional single-lens aerial photography and the information redundancy of the five-eye aerial photography. Then, a semi-automatic geoprocessing tool was developed within the ArcGIS Pro 3.0 environment, using Python for the extraction of joint surfaces. Multi-point fitting was used to calculate the joint surface attitude. The corresponding attitude symbols are generated at the same time. Finally, the joint surface attitude information is used to perform stereographic projection and kinematic analysis. The former can determine the dominant joint group, and the latter can obtain the probability of four types of failure, including planar sliding, wedge sliding, flexural toppling, and direct toppling. The integrated stability evaluation method studied in this paper, which combines a 3D interpretation of UAV and GIS stereographic projection statistical analysis, has the advantages of being efficient and user-friendly, and requires minimal prior knowledge. The results can aid in the geological surveys of slopes and guide engineering practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16061022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T05:43:08Z","timestamp":1710394988000},"page":"1022","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Quick Extraction of Joint Surface Attitudes and Slope Preliminary Stability Analysis: A New Method Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 3D Photogrammetry and GIS Development"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Qiyu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Renjiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Relocation & Resettlement Office, China Three Gorges Corporation, Chengdu 610017, China"}]},{"given":"Zhenkai","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Chuangchuang","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Kaiyu","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"Construction of a Rapid Evaluation System for Rock Slope Stability and Its Application","volume":"30","author":"He","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin. 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