{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T23:46:03Z","timestamp":1773445563304,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42371304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42371304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42130508"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42130508"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41977421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41977421"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KPI011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KPI011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Programme of Key Project of Innovation LREIS","award":["42371304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42371304"]}]},{"name":"Programme of Key Project of Innovation LREIS","award":["42130508"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42130508"]}]},{"name":"Programme of Key Project of Innovation LREIS","award":["41977421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41977421"]}]},{"name":"Programme of Key Project of Innovation LREIS","award":["KPI011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KPI011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The farming\u2013pastoral zone in northern China is one of the most ecologically sensitive areas globally, having experienced extensive cropland abandonment and land reclamation over decades, primarily influenced by policy adjustment and global warming. However, the spatiotemporal patterns and suitability of long-term cropland change remain poorly understood. Using the annual China land cover dataset (CLCD), we provide a cropland abandonment and land reclamation mapping approach based on actual land use processes (rather than land cover conditions) to investigate spatiotemporal features of abandonment and reclamation and evaluate the rationality. Our findings show that: (1) Returning farmland to forest and grassland has been a clear trend in the study area over the past 30 years. Specifically, cropland use has undergone three phases of change, i.e., cropland contraction and expansion alternately (before 2000), followed by substantial abandonment (after 2000), and low-intensity reclamation (after 2010). (2) In the last decade, the intensity of the abandonment of cropland with high and moderate suitability is low. The rate of abandonment decreased, while the intensity of land reclamation was relatively high. The rate of the reclamation increased, and the spatial distribution of cropland tended to be reasonable. Our study emphasizes the importance of monitoring actual cropland changes based on land use processes, and this method can be effectively extended to regional or global long-term cropland monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16061089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T09:14:33Z","timestamp":1710926073000},"page":"1089","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Monitoring of Cropland Abandonment and Land Reclamation in the Farming\u2013Pastoral Zone of Northern China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Junzhi","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6219-6251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunfeng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Zhiming","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3153-1587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1368-0952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing 100045, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19645","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1011078107","article-title":"Trading carbon for food: Global comparison of carbon stocks vs. crop yields on agricultural land","volume":"107","author":"West","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. 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