{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:28:28Z","timestamp":1784543308636,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research","award":["2021B0301030007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021B0301030007"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research","award":["42307424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42307424"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research","award":["IWHR-SKL-KF202317"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IWHR-SKL-KF202317"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2021B0301030007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021B0301030007"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42307424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42307424"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["IWHR-SKL-KF202317"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IWHR-SKL-KF202317"]}]},{"name":"Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research","award":["2021B0301030007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021B0301030007"]}]},{"name":"Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research","award":["42307424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42307424"]}]},{"name":"Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research","award":["IWHR-SKL-KF202317"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IWHR-SKL-KF202317"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Satellite precipitation products (SPPs) have emerged as an alternative to estimate rainfall erosivity. However, prior studies showed that SPPs tend to underestimate rainfall erosivity but without reported bias-correction methods. This study evaluated the efficacy of two SPPs, namely, GPM_3IMERGHH (30-min and 0.1\u00b0) and GPM_3IMERGDF (daily and 0.1\u00b0), in estimating two erosivity indices in mainland China: the average annual rainfall erosivity (R-factor) and the 10-year event rainfall erosivity (10-yr storm EI), by comparing with that derived from gauge-observed hourly precipitation (Gauge-H). Results indicate that GPM_3IMERGDF yields higher accuracy than GPM_3IMERGHH, though both products generally underestimate these indices. The Percent Bias (PBIAS) is \u221255.48% for the R-factor and \u221256.38% for the 10-yr storm EI using GPM_3IMERGHH, which reduces to \u221210.86% and \u221232.99% with GPM_3IMERGDF. A bias-correction method was developed based on the systematic difference between SSPs and Gauge-H. A five-fold cross validation shows that with bias-correction, the accuracy of the R-factor and 10-yr storm EI for both SPPs improve considerably, and the difference between two SSPs is reduced. The PBIAS using GPM_3IMERGHH decreases to \u22120.06% and 0.01%, and that using GPM_3IMERGDF decreases to \u22120.33% and 0.14%, respectively, for the R-factor and 10-yr storm EI. The rainfall erosivity estimated with SPPs with bias-correction shows comparable accuracy to that obtained through Kriging interpolation using Gauge-H and is better than that interpolated from gauge-observed daily precipitation. Given their high temporal and spatial resolution, and timely updates, GPM_3IMERGHH and GPM_3IMERGDF are viable data products for rainfall erosivity estimation with bias correction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16071186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T12:09:40Z","timestamp":1711627780000},"page":"1186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Evaluation of GPM IMERG-FR Product for Computing Rainfall Erosivity for Mainland China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Wenting","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geographic Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuantian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geographic Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bofu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Rivers Institute, School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of a Water Cycle in a River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geographic Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095-6339(15)30035-6","article-title":"The national census for soil erosion and dynamic analysis in China","volume":"1","author":"Zhen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. 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