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antennas (NTA) and the direction of arrival (DOA), is a prerequisite for MIMO signal separation and detection. Most existing parameter estimation methods for MIMO systems only consider a single parameter in Gaussian noise. This paper develops a reliable identification scheme based on generalized multi-antenna time-frequency distribution (GMTFD) for MIMO systems with non-Gaussian interference and Gaussian noise. First, a new generalized correlation matrix is introduced to construct a generalized MTFD matrix. Then, the covariance matrix based on time-frequency distribution (CM-TF) is characterized by using the diagonal entries from the auto-source signal components and the non-diagonal entries from the cross-source signal components in the generalized MTFD matrix. Finally, by making use of the CM-TF, the Gerschgorin disk criterion is modified to estimate NTA, and the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) is exploited to estimate DOA for MIMO system. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme based on GMTFD has good robustness to non-Gaussian interference without prior information and that it can achieve high estimation accuracy and resolution at low and medium signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16071243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]],"date-time":"2024-03-31T13:28:00Z","timestamp":1711891680000},"page":"1243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spatial Parameter Identification for MIMO Systems in the Presence of Non-Gaussian Interference"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Junlin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihui","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunfei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9872-9710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingqian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2022.3206614","article-title":"Integrated sensing and communication with mmwave massive mimo: A compressed sampling perspective","volume":"22","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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