{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T22:59:15Z","timestamp":1769641155623,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42030112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42030112"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42201432"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42201432"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022RC3042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022RC3042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021Y3001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021Y3001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"science and technology innovation program of Hunan Province","award":["42030112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42030112"]}]},{"name":"science and technology innovation program of Hunan Province","award":["42201432"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42201432"]}]},{"name":"science and technology innovation program of Hunan Province","award":["2022RC3042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022RC3042"]}]},{"name":"science and technology innovation program of Hunan Province","award":["2021Y3001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021Y3001"]}]},{"name":"science and technology innovation program of Fujian Province","award":["42030112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42030112"]}]},{"name":"science and technology innovation program of Fujian Province","award":["42201432"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42201432"]}]},{"name":"science and technology innovation program of Fujian Province","award":["2022RC3042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022RC3042"]}]},{"name":"science and technology innovation program of Fujian Province","award":["2021Y3001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021Y3001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Accurate and complete digital elevation models (DEMs) play an important fundamental role in geospatial analysis, supporting various engineering applications, human activities, and scientific research. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) plays an increasingly important role in DEM generation. Nonetheless, owing to its inherent characteristics, gaps often appear in regions marked by significant topographical fluctuations, necessitating an extra void-filling process. Traditional void-filling methods have operated directly on preexisting data, succeeding in relatively flat terrain. When facing mountainous regions, there will always be gross errors in elevation values. Regrettably, conventional methods have often disregarded this vital consideration. To this end, this research proposes a DEM void-filling method based on incorporating elevation outlier detection. It accounts for the detection and removal of elevation outliers, thereby mitigating the shortcomings of existing methods and ensuring robust DEM restoration in mountainous terrains. Experiments were conducted to validate the method applicability using TanDEM-X data from Sichuan, China, Hebei, China, and Oregon, America. The results underscore the superiority of the proposed method. Three traditional methods are selected for comparison. The proposed method has different degrees of improvement in filling accuracy, depending on the void status of the local terrain. Compared with the delta surface fill (DSF) method, the root mean squared error (RMSE) of the filling results has improved by 7.87% to 51.87%. The qualitative and quantitative experiments demonstrate that the proposed method is promising for large-scale DEM void-filling tasks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16081452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T10:53:17Z","timestamp":1713523997000},"page":"1452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["InSAR Digital Elevation Model Void-Filling Method Based on Incorporating Elevation Outlier Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zhi","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geoscience and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8470-3405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rong","family":"Gui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geoscience and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"},{"name":"Hunan Geological Disaster Monitoring, Early Warning and Emergency Rescue Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410004, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5412-2703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geoscience and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"},{"name":"Hunan Geological Disaster Monitoring, Early Warning and Emergency Rescue Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410004, China"}]},{"given":"Haiqiang","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geoscience and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"},{"name":"Hunan Geological Disaster Monitoring, Early Warning and Emergency Rescue Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410004, China"}]},{"given":"Yibo","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geoscience and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7507-1830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geoscience and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9898-7103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liqun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geoscience and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Review and critical analysis on digital elevation models","volume":"35","author":"Lakshmi","year":"2018","journal-title":"G Eofizika"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2014.03.008","article-title":"High-resolution topography for understanding Earth surface processes: Opportunities and challenges","volume":"216","author":"Tarolli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"977","article-title":"Application of digital elevation models to geological and geomorphological studies-some examples","volume":"53","author":"Badura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Przegl\u0105d Geol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-11-1481-2007","article-title":"Uncertainties associated with digital elevation models for hydrologic applications: A review","volume":"11","author":"Wechsler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hydrol. 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