{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T18:06:01Z","timestamp":1781805961977,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,21]],"date-time":"2024-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"State Key Program of National Natural Science China","award":["61931025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61931025"]}]},{"name":"State Key Program of National Natural Science China","award":["2023001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023001"]}]},{"name":"State Key Program of National Natural Science China","award":["62101404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101404"]}]},{"name":"State Key Program of National Natural Science China","award":["62222113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62222113"]}]},{"name":"the Fund of Technology Innovation Center for Ocean Telemetry, Ministry of Natural Resources","award":["61931025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61931025"]}]},{"name":"the Fund of Technology Innovation Center for Ocean Telemetry, Ministry of Natural Resources","award":["2023001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023001"]}]},{"name":"the Fund of Technology Innovation Center for Ocean Telemetry, Ministry of Natural Resources","award":["62101404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101404"]}]},{"name":"the Fund of Technology Innovation Center for Ocean Telemetry, Ministry of Natural Resources","award":["62222113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62222113"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["61931025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61931025"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2023001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023001"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62101404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101404"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62222113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62222113"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dedicated to synchronously acquiring large-area, high-precision, and multi-scale ocean wind and wave information, a novel concept of a spaceborne ocean microwave dual-function integrated sensor is proposed in this paper. It integrates the functions of a scatterometer and SAR by sharing a single phased-array antenna. An overview of the scientific requirements and motivations for the sensor are outlined firstly. In order to fulfill the observation requirements of both the functions, the constraints on the system parameters such as frequency, antenna size, and incidence angle are analyzed. Then, the selection principles of these parameters are discussed within the limitations of antenna area, bandwidth, available time, and cost. Additionally, the constraints on the time sequence of transmitting and receiving pulses are derived to ensure that there is no conflict when the two functions operate simultaneously. Subsequently, a method for jointly designing the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of both the functions is introduced, along with zebra maps to verify its effectiveness. At the end of the paper, the system and performance parameters of the sensor are given for further insight into it.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16081472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T03:57:07Z","timestamp":1713758227000},"page":"1472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Concept of Spaceborne Ocean Microwave Dual-Function Integrated Sensor for Wind and Wave Measurement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"},{"name":"The Technology Innovation Center for Ocean Telemetry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4880-0897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenkang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Technology Innovation Center for Ocean Telemetry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China"},{"name":"The Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangcai","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changhong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengdao","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"},{"name":"The Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ocean Telemetry Technology Innovation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ho, C.R., and Liu, A.K. 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