{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T01:33:51Z","timestamp":1771464831956,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":180,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013209","name":"Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["544"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013209","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>North Africa, the Middle East, and Europe (NAMEE domain) host a variety of suspended particles characterized by different optical and microphysical properties. In the current study, we investigate the importance of the lidar ratio (LR) on Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization\u2013Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIOP-CALIPSO) aerosol retrievals towards assessing aerosols\u2019 impact on the Earth-atmosphere radiation budget. A holistic approach has been adopted involving collocated Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) observations, Radiative Transfer Model (RTM) simulations, as well as reference radiation measurements acquired using spaceborne (Clouds and the Earth\u2019s Radiant Energy System-CERES) and ground-based (Baseline Surface Radiation Network-BSRN) instruments. We are assessing the clear-sky shortwave (SW) direct radiative effects (DREs) on 550 atmospheric scenes, identified within the 2007\u20132020 period, in which the primary tropospheric aerosol species (dust, marine, polluted continental\/smoke, elevated smoke, and clean continental) are probed using CALIPSO. RTM runs have been performed relying on CALIOP retrievals in which the default and the DeLiAn (Depolarization ratio, Lidar ratio, and \u00c5ngstr\u00f6m exponent)-based aerosol-speciated LRs are considered. The simulated fields from both configurations are compared against those produced when AERONET AODs are applied. Overall, the DeLiAn LRs leads to better results mainly when mineral particles are either solely recorded or coexist with other aerosol species (e.g., sea-salt). In quantitative terms, the errors in DREs are reduced by ~26\u201327% at the surface (from 5.3 to 3.9 W\/m2) and within the atmosphere (from \u22123.3 to \u22122.4 W\/m2). The improvements become more significant (reaching up to ~35%) for moderate-to-high aerosol loads (AOD \u2265 0.2).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16101689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T10:31:16Z","timestamp":1715250676000},"page":"1689","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Assessing Lidar Ratio Impact on CALIPSO Retrievals Utilized for the Estimation of Aerosol SW Radiative Effects across North Africa, the Middle East, and Europe"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Moustaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing, National Observatory of Athens, 11810 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4946-5007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marios-Bruno","family":"Korras-Carraca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing, National Observatory of Athens, 11810 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Laboratory of Meteorology & Climatology, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece"},{"name":"Center for the Study of Air Quality and Climate Change, Institute for Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, 26504 Patras, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8000-5714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyriakoula","family":"Papachristopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing, National Observatory of Athens, 11810 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Laboratory of Climatology and Atmospheric Environment, Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (LACAE\/NKUA), 15772 Athens, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2008-637X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Stamatis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Meteorology & Climatology, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1511-0603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilias","family":"Fountoulakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Atmospheric Physics and Climatology, Academy of Athens, 11521 Athens, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1031-0216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stelios","family":"Kazadzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physicalisch Meteorologisches Observatorium, World Radiation Center, 7260 Davos, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Proestakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing, National Observatory of Athens, 11810 Athens, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1544-7812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vassilis","family":"Amiridis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing, National Observatory of Athens, 11810 Athens, Greece"}]},{"given":"Kleareti","family":"Tourpali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2940-5672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thanasis","family":"Georgiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing, National Observatory of Athens, 11810 Athens, Greece"}]},{"given":"Stavros","family":"Solomos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Atmospheric Physics and Climatology, Academy of Athens, 11521 Athens, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3074-3230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos","family":"Spyrou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Atmospheric Physics and Climatology, Academy of Athens, 11521 Athens, Greece"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Zerefos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Atmospheric Physics and Climatology, Academy of Athens, 11521 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Navarino Environmental Observatory (N.E.O.), 24001 Messinia, Greece"},{"name":"Mariolopoulos-Kanaginis Foundation for the Environmental Sciences, 10675 Athens, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4137-0724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonis","family":"Gkikas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing, National Observatory of Athens, 11810 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Research Centre for Atmospheric Physics and Climatology, Academy of Athens, 11521 Athens, Greece"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-1853-2013","article-title":"Radiative forcing of the direct aerosol effect from AeroCom Phase II simulations","volume":"13","author":"Myhre","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. 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