{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:04:57Z","timestamp":1787029497382,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Cyprus University of Technology Open Access Author Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Cyprus Continuously Operating Natural Hazards Monitoring and Prevention System, abbreviated CyCLOPS, is a national strategic research infrastructure devoted to systematically studying geohazards in Cyprus and the Eastern Mediterranean, Middle East, and North Africa (EMMENA) region. Amongst others, CyCLOPS comprises six permanent sites, each housing a Tier-1 GNSS reference station co-located with two calibration-grade corner reflectors (CRs). The latter are strategically positioned to account for both the ascending and descending tracks of SAR satellite missions, including the ESA\u2019s Sentinel-1. As of June 2021, CyCLOPS has reached full operational capacity and plays a crucial role in monitoring the geodynamic regime within the southeastern Mediterranean area. Additionally, it actively tracks landslides occurring in the western part of Cyprus. Although CyCLOPS primarily concentrates on geohazard monitoring, its infrastructure is also configured to facilitate the radiometric calibration and geometric validation of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery. Consequently, this study evaluates the performance of Sentinel-1A SAR by exploiting the CyCLOPS network to determine key parameters including spatial resolution, sidelobe levels, Radar Cross-Section (RCS), Signal-to-Clutter Ratio (SCR), phase stability, and localization accuracy, through Point Target Analysis (PTA). The findings reveal the effectiveness of the CyCLOPS infrastructure to maintain high-quality radiometric parameters in SAR imagery, with consistent spatial resolution, controlled sidelobe levels, and reliable RCS and SCR values that closely adhere to theoretical expectations. With over two years of operational data, these findings enhance the understanding of Sentinel-1 SAR product quality and affirm CyCLOPS infrastructure\u2019s reliability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16101696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T08:33:03Z","timestamp":1715589183000},"page":"1696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An Advanced Quality Assessment and Monitoring of ESA Sentinel-1 SAR Products via the CyCLOPS Infrastructure in the Southeastern Mediterranean Region"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6931-9448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitris","family":"Kakoullis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering & Geomatics, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyriaki","family":"Fotiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering & Geomatics, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus"},{"name":"Eratosthenes Centre of Excellence, Limassol 3012, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nerea","family":"Ibarrola Subiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAR Signal Processing Department, German Aerospace Center, 82234 Wessling, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramon","family":"Brcic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAR Signal Processing Department, German Aerospace Center, 82234 Wessling, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Eineder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAR Signal Processing Department, German Aerospace Center, 82234 Wessling, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0248-1085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Danezis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering & Geomatics, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus"},{"name":"Eratosthenes Centre of Excellence, Limassol 3012, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freymueller, J.T., and S\u00e1nchez, L. 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