{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T04:02:33Z","timestamp":1770523353443,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program","award":["2019QZKK0405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0405"]}]},{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program","award":["42192581"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42192581"]}]},{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program","award":["42171318"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42171318"]}]},{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program","award":["OF202308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OF202308"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2019QZKK0405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0405"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42192581"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42192581"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42171318"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42171318"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["OF202308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OF202308"]}]},{"name":"Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science and Beijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing Products","award":["2019QZKK0405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0405"]}]},{"name":"Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science and Beijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing Products","award":["42192581"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42192581"]}]},{"name":"Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science and Beijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing Products","award":["42171318"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42171318"]}]},{"name":"Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science and Beijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing Products","award":["OF202308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OF202308"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Involving the effect of atmospheric CO2 fertilization is effective for improving the accuracy of estimating gross primary production (GPP) using light use efficiency (LUE) models. However, the widely used LUE model, the remote sensing-driven Carnegie\u2013Ames\u2013Stanford Approach (CASA) model, scarcely considers the effects of atmospheric CO2 fertilization, which causes GPP estimation uncertainties. Therefore, this study proposed an improved method for estimating GPP by integrating the atmospheric CO2 concentration into the CASA model and generated a long time series GPP dataset with high precision for the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau. The CASA model was improved by considering the impact of atmospheric CO2 on vegetation productivity and discerning variations in CO2 gradients within the canopy and leaves. A 500 m monthly GPP dataset for the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau from 2003 to 2020 was generated. The results showed that the improved GPP estimation model achieved better performances on estimating GPP (R2 = 0.68, RMSE = 406 g C\/m2\/year) than the original model (R2 = 0.67, RMSE = 499.32 g C\/m2\/year) and MODIS GPP products (R2 = 0.49, RMSE = 522.56 g C\/m2\/year). The GPP on the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau increased significantly with the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration and the gradual accumulation of dry matter. The improved method can also be used for other regions and the generated GPP dataset is valuable for further understanding the ecosystem carbon cycles on the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16111856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T05:35:20Z","timestamp":1716442520000},"page":"1856","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["An Improved Gross Primary Production Model Considering Atmospheric CO2 Fertilization: The Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau as a Case Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Innovation Research Center of Satellite Application, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Beijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing Products, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8586-4243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Innovation Research Center of Satellite Application, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Beijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing Products, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linlin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Innovation Research Center of Satellite Application, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Beijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing Products, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guofeng","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Innovation Research Center of Satellite Application, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Beijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing Products, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenwu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3571-1932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanxu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3803-8170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunjun","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing Products, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing Products, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18866","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0702737104","article-title":"Contributions to Accelerating Atmospheric CO2 Growth from Economic Activity, Carbon Intensity, and Efficiency of Natural Sinks","volume":"104","author":"Canadell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. 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