{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:07:15Z","timestamp":1760144835405,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["12304504","12304506","12204507","U22A2012","2021023","XDB0700101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12304504","12304506","12204507","U22A2012","2021023","XDB0700101"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004739","name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12304504","12304506","12204507","U22A2012","2021023","XDB0700101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12304504","12304506","12204507","U22A2012","2021023","XDB0700101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004739","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Strategy Priority Research Program (Category B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["12304504","12304506","12204507","U22A2012","2021023","XDB0700101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12304504","12304506","12204507","U22A2012","2021023","XDB0700101"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To solve the problem of array detection performance in environments with mesoscale eddies, this study utilizes the Gaussian eddy model to describe the sound speed structure disturbed by eddies. Through numerical simulations, the corresponding sound field is obtained, and the transmission loss influenced by the eddy is analyzed. Furthermore, to investigate the relation between the array gain and spatial correlation in the eddy environments, the differences in vertical correlation at different positions and their effects on the vertical array gain of conventional beamforming (CBF) are studied. When the source is around the eddy center, the conclusions drawn are as follows: (1) The presence of an eddy changes the turning-point depth and the sound field distribution, significantly affecting the direct sound region and the first convergence zone, while having a minor impact on the first shadow zone. (2) In different eddy-induced environments, the first convergence zone maintains a high vertical correlation, but the vertical correlation of the direct sound region is greatly influenced by the eddy. (3) The array gain of CBF is consistent with the vertical correlation. When the correlation between each element of the sound field is great, the array gain increases with the number of array elements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16111862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T09:58:47Z","timestamp":1716458327000},"page":"1862","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mesoscale Eddy Effects on Vertical Correlation of Sound Field and Array Gain Performance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yushen","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1960-4456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jixing","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4315-7871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuanglin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"given":"Zhenglin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Ocean Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China"}]},{"given":"Mengyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abraham, D.A. 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