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Based on the Monte Carlo (MC) method, we propose an optical imaging model which is tailored for deep-sea luminescent objects. Employing GPU parallel acceleration expedites the speed of MC simulation and ray-tracing, achieving a three-order-of-magnitude speedup over a CPU-based program. A deep-sea single-lens imaging system is constructed in the model, composed of a luminescent object, water medium, double-convex lens, aperture diaphragm, and sensor. The image of the luminescent object passing through the imaging system is generated using the forward ray-tracing method. This model enables an intuitive analysis of the inherent optical properties of water and imaging device parameters, such as sensor size, lens focal length, field of view (FOV), and camera position on imaging outcomes in the deep-sea environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16132429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T09:01:39Z","timestamp":1719910899000},"page":"2429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optical Imaging Model Based on GPU-Accelerated Monte Carlo Simulation for Deep-Sea Luminescent Objects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6856-2456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qing","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5160-2112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengnan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loureiro, G., Dias, A., Almeida, J., Martins, A., Hong, S., and Silva, E. 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