{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T18:00:52Z","timestamp":1773252052418,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U2243205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2243205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>SDGSAT-1, the first scientific satellite dedicated to advancing the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, brings renewed vigor and opportunities to water resource monitoring and research. This study evaluates the effectiveness of SDGSAT-1 in extracting water bodies in comparison to Sentinel-2 multi-spectral imager (MSI) data. We applied a confidence thresholding method to delineate river water from land, utilizing the Normalized Differential Water Body Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), and Shaded Water Body Index (SWI). It was found that the SWI works best for SDGSAT-1 while the NDWI works best for Sentinel-2. Specifically, the NDWI demonstrates proficiency in delineating a broader spectrum of water bodies and the MNDWI effectively mitigates the impact of shadows, while SDGSAT-1\u2019s SWI extraction of rivers offers high precision, clear outlines, and shadow exclusion. SDGSAT-1\u2019s SWI overall outperforms Sentinel-2\u2019s NDWI in water extraction accuracy (overall accuracy: 90% vs. 91%, Kappa coefficient: 0.771 vs. 0.416, and F1 value: 0.844 vs. 0.651), likely due to its deep blue bands. This study highlights the comprehensive advantages of SDGSAT-1 data in extracting river water bodies, providing a theoretical basis for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16152716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T14:55:47Z","timestamp":1721832947000},"page":"2716","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Evaluating the Sustainable Development Science Satellite 1 (SDGSAT-1) Multi-Spectral Data for River Water Mapping: A Comparative Study with Sentinel-2"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Duomandi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"},{"name":"College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"}]},{"given":"Yunmei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"},{"name":"College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"}]},{"given":"Qihang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"},{"name":"College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8621-4581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Regional Response in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100076","DOI":"10.59717\/j.xinn-geo.2024.100076","article-title":"Observing river discharge from space: Challenges and opportunities","volume":"2","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Innov. 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