{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T16:20:00Z","timestamp":1783614000231,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019069","name":"Chinese Academy of Engineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023-XY-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-XY-10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Under space-based observation conditions, targets are subject to a large number of stars, clutter, false alarms, and other interferences, which can significantly impact the traditional Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density (GM-PHD) filtering method, leading to tracking biases. To enhance the capability of the traditional GM-PHD method for multi-target tracking in space-based platform observation scenarios, in this article, we propose a GM-PHD algorithm based on spatio-temporal pipeline filtering and enhance the conventional spatio-temporal pipeline filtering method. The proposed algorithm incorporates two key enhancements: firstly, by adaptively adjusting the pipeline\u2019s central position through target state prediction, it ensures continuous target tracking while eliminating noise; secondly, by computing trajectory similarity to distinguish stars from targets, it effectively mitigates stellar interference in target tracking. The proposed algorithm realizes a more accurate estimation of the target by constructing a target state pipeline using the time series and correlating multiple frames of data to achieve a smaller optimal sub-pattern assignment (OSPA) distance and a higher tracking accuracy compared with the traditional algorithm. Through simulations and real-world data validation, the algorithm showcased its capability for multi-target tracking in a space-based context, outperforming traditional methods and effectively addressing the challenge of stellar interference in space-based multi-target tracking.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16152847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T16:14:58Z","timestamp":1722615298000},"page":"2847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An Improved Multi-Target Tracking Method for Space-Based Optoelectronic Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Opto-Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Opto-Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanyu","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Observatory National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Opto-Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"},{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanicsand Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Opto-Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Opto-Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingchao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Opto-Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huilin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Opto-Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Research on new technology of photoelectric detection for space-based space debris","volume":"20","author":"Fu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Space Debris Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"I45","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.53.000I45","article-title":"Space debris removal by ground-based lasers: Main conclusions of the European project CLEANSPACE","volume":"53","author":"Esmiller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. 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