{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T09:45:54Z","timestamp":1772790354022,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"KL University, Guntur"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the impacts of summer monsoon activity on aerosols over the Indian region. We analyze the variability of aerosols during active and break monsoon phases, as well as strong and weak monsoon years, using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Cloud\u2013Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO). Our findings show a clear distinction in aerosol distribution between active and break phases. During active phases, the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and aerosol extinction are lower across the Indian region, while break phases are associated with higher AOD and extinction. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in AOD over Central India during strong monsoon years, compared to weak monsoon years. Utilizing the vertical feature mask (VFM) data from CALIPSO, we identified polluted dust and dusty marine aerosols as the dominant types during both active\/break phases and strong\/weak monsoon years. Notably, the contributions of these pollutants are significantly higher during break phases compared to during active phases. Our analysis also reveals a shift in the origin of these aerosol masses. During active phases, the majority originate from the Arabian Sea; in contrast, break phases are associated with a higher contribution from the African region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16173171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T11:58:46Z","timestamp":1724759926000},"page":"3171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Influences of Indian Monsoon Phases on Aerosol Distribution and Composition over India"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Pathan Imran","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur 522502, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2389-4196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devanaboyina Venkata","family":"Ratnam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur 522502, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4108-213X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Perumal","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Pune 411008, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2045-0848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaik Darga","family":"Saheb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"India Meteorological Department, Bengaluru 560001, India"}]},{"given":"Jonathan H.","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA"}]},{"given":"Ghouse","family":"Basha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Space, Gadanki 517112, India"}]},{"given":"Pangaluru","family":"Kishore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regato, Rancho Santa Margarita, CA 92688, USA"}]},{"given":"Chanabasanagouda S.","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"India Meteorological Department, Bengaluru 560001, India"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6831","DOI":"10.1029\/96JD03436","article-title":"Radiative forcing and climate response","volume":"102","author":"Hansen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. 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