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Comparing derived grids, like slope or curvature, preserves surface spatial relationships, and can be more important than just elevation values. Such comparisons provide more nuanced DEM rankings than just elevation root mean square error (RMSE) for a small number of points. We present three new comparison categories: fraction of unexplained variance (FUV) for grids with continuous floating point values; accuracy metrics for integer code raster classifications; and comparison of stream channel vector networks. We compare six global DEMs that are digital surface models (DSMs), and four edited versions that use machine learning\/artificial intelligence techniques to create a bare-earth digital terrain model (DTM) for different elevation ranges: full Earth elevations, under 120 m, under 80 m, and under 10 m. We find edited DTMs improve on elevation values, but because they do not incorporate other metrics in their training they do not improve overall on the source Copernicus DSM. We also rank 17 common geomorphic-derived grids for sensitivity to DEM quality, and document how landscape characteristics, especially slope, affect the results. None of the DEMs perform well in areas with low average slope compared to reference DTMs aggregated from 1 m airborne lidar data. This indicates that accurate work in low-relief areas grappling with global climate change should use airborne lidar or very high resolution image-derived DTMs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16173273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T09:56:42Z","timestamp":1725357402000},"page":"3273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Ranking of 10 Global One-Arc-Second DEMs Reveals Limitations in Terrain Morphology Representation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6150-542X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter L.","family":"Guth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oceanography, US Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8436-7798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastiano","family":"Trevisani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Culture del Progetto, University Iuav of Venice, Terese-Dorsoduro 2206, 30123 Venice, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5073-5572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos H.","family":"Grohmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-090, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3666-1762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Lindsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Environment & Geomatics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8992-4933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dean","family":"Gesch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey, Earth Resources Observation and Science Center, Sioux Falls, SD 57198, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8317-7084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurence","family":"Hawker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1SS, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2804-5150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Conrad","family":"Bielski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EOXPLORE, D-82041 Oberhaching, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RG2004","DOI":"10.1029\/2005RG000183","article-title":"The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission","volume":"45","author":"Farr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev. 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