{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T17:39:32Z","timestamp":1776101972631,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62394353"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62394353"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12150008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12150008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022CX01008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CX01008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for lnnovative talents","award":["62394353"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62394353"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for lnnovative talents","award":["12150008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12150008"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for lnnovative talents","award":["2022CX01008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CX01008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the realm of precision space applications, improving the accuracy of orbit determination (OD) is a crucial and demanding task, primarily because of the presence of measurement noise. To address this issue, a novel machine learning method based on bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) is proposed in this research. In particular, the proposed method aims to improve the OD accuracy of Earth\u2013Moon Libration orbits with angle-only measurements. The proposed BiLSTM network is designed to detect inaccurate measurements during an OD process, which is achieved by incorporating the least square method (LSM) as a basic estimation approach. The structure, inputs, and outputs of the modified BiLSTM network are meticulously crafted for the detection of inaccurate measurements. Following the detection of inaccurate measurements, a compensating strategy is devised to modify these detection results and thereby reduce their negative impact on OD accuracy. The modified measurements are then used to obtain a more accurate OD solution. The proposed method is applied to solve the OD problem of a 4:1 synodic resonant near-rectilinear halo orbit around the Earth\u2013Moon L2 point. The training results reveal that the bidirectional network structure outperforms the regular unidirectional structures in terms of detection accuracy. Numerical simulations show that the proposed method can reduce the estimated error by approximately 10%. The proposed method holds significant potential for future missions in cislunar space.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16173287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T08:46:22Z","timestamp":1725439582000},"page":"3287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Improving Angle-Only Orbit Determination Accuracy for Earth\u2013Moon Libration Orbits Using a Neural-Network-Based Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zhe","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijng 100081, China"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Theories, Peng Cheng Laboratory, No. 2, Xingke 1st Street, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518000, China"},{"name":"Deep Space Exploration Labortory, Beijing 100089, China"}]},{"given":"Yishuai","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijng 100081, China"},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center, Chongqing 401120, China"}]},{"given":"Zuoxiu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijng 100081, China"},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center, Chongqing 401120, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.2514\/2.4238","article-title":"Autonomous navigation of global positioning system satellites using cross-link measurements","volume":"21","author":"Abusali","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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