{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T04:15:56Z","timestamp":1776312956192,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Iran National Science Foundation (INSF)","award":["4014761"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4014761"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Harnessing ocean kinetic energy has emerged as a promising renewable energy solution in recent years. However, identifying optimal locations for extracting this energy remains a significant challenge. This study presents a novel scheme to estimate the total surface current (TSC) as permanent surface current by integrating geodetic data and in-situ measurements. The TSC is typically a combination of the geostrophic current, derived from dynamic topography, and the Ekman current. We utilize NOAA\u2019s Ekman current data to complement the geostrophic current and obtain the TSC. To further enhance the accuracy of the TSC estimates, we employ a 3DVAR data assimilation method, incorporating local current meter observations. The results are verified against two control current meter stations. The data-assimilation process resulted in an improvement of 4 to 15 cm\/s in the precision of calculated TSC. Using the assimilated TSC data, we then assess the kinetic energy potential and identify six regions with the most significant promise for marine kinetic energy extraction. This innovative approach can assist researchers and policymakers in targeting the most suitable locations for harnessing renewable ocean energy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16173340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T04:15:01Z","timestamp":1725855301000},"page":"3340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Mapping Kinetic Energy Hotspots in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Using Surface Current Derived by Geodetic Observations and Data Assimilation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0427-0502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Pirooznia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 15433-19967, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5667-0447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behzad","family":"Voosoghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 15433-19967, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9671-761X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Amin","family":"Khalili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences, Environment, and Resources, University of Naples, Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0046-9530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Di Martire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences, Environment, and Resources, University of Naples, Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy"}]},{"given":"Arash","family":"Amini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 15433-19967, Iran"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Tawinprai, S., Polnumtiang, S., Suksomprom, P., Waewsak, J., and Tangchaichit, K. (2024, September 05). Mesoscale\/Microscale Modelling for Evaluation of Wind Energy Potential and Cost Energy in Developing Country Using a High-Resolution Grid: A Case Study in the Northeastern Region of Thailand. Available online: https:\/\/assets-eu.researchsquare.com\/files\/rs-2828376\/v1\/7cd18452-d627-42ab-9e91-37b6f4c0ee1c.pdf?c=1683539992."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2011.06.011","article-title":"Current developments and future prospects of offshore wind and ocean energy","volume":"90","author":"Esteban","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Torres-Herrera, H.J., and Lozano-Medina, A. (2021). 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