{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:23:47Z","timestamp":1760145827486,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42374155","LSKJ202203405","36750000-24-FW0399-0008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42374155","LSKJ202203405","36750000-24-FW0399-0008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Laoshan Laboratory project","award":["42374155","LSKJ202203405","36750000-24-FW0399-0008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42374155","LSKJ202203405","36750000-24-FW0399-0008"]}]},{"name":"SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Geophysics","award":["42374155","LSKJ202203405","36750000-24-FW0399-0008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42374155","LSKJ202203405","36750000-24-FW0399-0008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Angle domain common image gathers (ADCIGs) play a crucial role in seismic exploration, offering prestack underground illumination information that aids in validating migration velocity and conducting prestack amplitude versus angle (AVA) analysis for reservoir characterization. This paper introduces an innovative approach for compensating amplitude errors caused by irregular seismic acquisition geometries in ADCIGs. By incorporating an angle domain illumination compensation factor, the proposed method effectively modifies these errors, preserving the amplitude of seismic reflectivity in the prestack angle domain. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated through comprehensive tests conducted on synthetic and field data examples. The results demonstrate the capability of the method to enhance the quality of ADCIGs derived from 3D reverse time migration (RTM), yielding accurate and reliable amplitude preservation. While the illumination compensation factor assumes a vertically linear velocity model, the method holds promise for extension to more complex media and diverse migration techniques. This suggests its applicability and adaptability beyond the specific assumptions considered in this study. In conclusion, this paper presents an innovative angle domain illumination compensation factor that significantly improves the quality of ADCIGs by addressing amplitude errors arising from irregular seismic acquisition geometries. The experimental validation using synthetic and field data confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method within the context of 3D RTM. Furthermore, the technique holds potential for broader application in more complex subsurface scenarios and various migration methodologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16183362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T10:20:10Z","timestamp":1725963610000},"page":"3362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Compensating Acquisition Footprint for Amplitude-Preserving Angle Domain Common Image Gathers Based on 3D Reverse Time Migration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil & Gas, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266071, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8692-8405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liyun","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil & Gas, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266071, China"}]},{"given":"Qingqing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil & Gas, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266071, China"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aramco Beijing Research Center, Aramco Asia, Beijing 100102, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1725","article-title":"The algorithm of high order finite difference pre-stack reverse time migration and GPU implementation","volume":"53","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin. 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