{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:25:41Z","timestamp":1760145941583,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["41704138","41974148","2017JJ3069","E21722","E51651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41704138","41974148","2017JJ3069","E21722","E51651"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department of China","award":["41704138","41974148","2017JJ3069","E21722","E51651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41704138","41974148","2017JJ3069","E21722","E51651"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Share Gas Resource Exploitation","award":["41704138","41974148","2017JJ3069","E21722","E51651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41704138","41974148","2017JJ3069","E21722","E51651"]}]},{"name":"Project of Doctoral Foundation of Hunan University of Science and Technology","award":["41704138","41974148","2017JJ3069","E21722","E51651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41704138","41974148","2017JJ3069","E21722","E51651"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the rapid advancement of satellite remote sensing technology, many scientists and organizations, including NASA, ESA, NAOC, and Roscosmos, observe and study significant changes in the geomagnetic field, which has greatly promoted research on the geomagnetic field and made it an important research direction in Earth system science. In traditional geomagnetic field research, tesseroid cells face degradation issues in high-latitude regions and accuracy limitations. To overcome these limitations, this paper introduces the Discrete Global Grid System (DGGS) to construct a geophysical model, achieving seamless global coverage through multi-level grid subdivision, significantly enhancing the processing capability of multi-source and multi-temporal spatial data. Addressing the challenges of the lack of analytical solutions and clear integration limits for DGGS cells, a method for constructing shape functions of arbitrary isoparametric elements is proposed based on the principle of isoparametric transformation, and the shape functions of isoparametric DGGS cells are successfully derived. In magnetic vector forwarding, considering the potential error amplification caused by Poisson\u2019s formula, the DGGS grid is divided into six regular triangular sub-units. The triangular superconvergent point technique is adopted, and the positions of integration points and their weight coefficients are accurately determined according to symmetry rules, thereby significantly improving the calculation accuracy without increasing the computational complexity. Finally, through the forward modeling algorithm based on tiny tesseroid cells, this study comprehensively compares and analyzes the computational accuracy of the DGGS-based magnetic vector forwarding algorithm, verifying the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method and providing new theoretical support and technical means for geophysical research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16183448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T00:51:43Z","timestamp":1726620703000},"page":"3448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spherical Magnetic Vector Forwarding of Isoparametric DGGS Cells with Natural Superconvergent Points"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6001-6413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth Sciences and Spatial Information Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan Road, Xiangtan 411201, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7033-6077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shujin","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth Sciences and Spatial Information Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan Road, Xiangtan 411201, China"},{"name":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Lushan South Road, Changsha 410083, China"},{"name":"Institute of Geophysics & Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8014-819X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangyin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Lushan South Road, Changsha 410083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Lushan South Road, Changsha 410083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth Sciences and Spatial Information Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan Road, Xiangtan 411201, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth Sciences and Spatial Information Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan Road, Xiangtan 411201, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2021RS007372","DOI":"10.1029\/2021RS007372","article-title":"Remote Sensing of Mid-Latitude Ionospheric Magnetic Field Fluctuations Using Cosmic Radio Sources","volume":"57","author":"Helmboldt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radio Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1186\/BF03351933","article-title":"Swarm: A constellation to study the Earth\u2019s magnetic field","volume":"58","author":"Hulot","year":"2006","journal-title":"Earth Planets Space"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1007\/s11430-021-9841-8","article-title":"Scientific challenges and instrumentation for the International Meridian Circle Program","volume":"64","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. 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