{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T04:16:01Z","timestamp":1775621761336,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hurricane incidents have become increasingly frequent along the coastal United States and have had a negative impact on the mangrove forests and their ecosystem services across the southeastern region. Mangroves play a key role in providing coastal protection during hurricanes by attenuating storm surges and reducing erosion. However, their resilience is being increasingly compromised due to climate change through sea level rises and the greater intensity of storms. This article examines the role of remote sensing tools in studying the impacts of hurricanes on mangrove forests in the coastal United States. Our results show that various remote sensing tools including satellite imagery, Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been used to detect mangrove damage, monitor their recovery and analyze their 3D structural changes. Landsat 8 OLI (14%) has been particularly useful in long-term assessments, followed by Landsat 5 TM (9%) and NASA G-LiHT LiDAR (8%). Random forest (24%) and linear regression (24%) models were the most common modeling techniques, with the former being the most frequently used method for classifying satellite images. Some studies have shown significant mangrove canopy loss after major hurricanes, and damage was seen to vary spatially based on factors such as proximity to oceans, elevation and canopy structure, with taller mangroves typically experiencing greater damage. Recovery rates after hurricane-induced damage also vary, as some areas were seen to show rapid regrowth within months while others remained impacted after many years. The current challenges include capturing fine-scale changes owing to the dearth of remote sensing data with high temporal and spatial resolution. This review provides insights into the current remote sensing applications used in hurricane-prone mangrove habitats and is intended to guide future research directions, inform coastal management strategies and support conservation efforts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16193596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T11:40:27Z","timestamp":1727350827000},"page":"3596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Current Status of Remote Sensing for Studying the Impacts of Hurricanes on Mangrove Forests in the Coastal United States"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2080-9715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhilash","family":"Dutta Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecoresolve, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA"},{"name":"Mediterranean Forestry and Natural Resources Management, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Agrifood and Forestry Engineering and Veterinary Medicine, University of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Spain"}]},{"given":"Daria Agnieszka","family":"Karpowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecoresolve, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2245-7680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian","family":"Hendy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO4 9LY, UK"}]},{"given":"Stefanie M.","family":"Rog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Royal Commission for AlUla, Riyadh 12512, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6752-9134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael S.","family":"Watt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scion, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6639-520X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth","family":"Reef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth, Atmosphere & Environment, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4488-4237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eben North","family":"Broadbent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5456-1725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma F.","family":"Asbridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9411-5323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amare","family":"Gebrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecoresolve, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5884-7464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarig","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil Engineering Department, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1824-1841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Midhun","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecoresolve, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA"},{"name":"Civil Engineering Department, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Department of Geography, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garner, A.J. 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