{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:35:48Z","timestamp":1760146548531,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]],"date-time":"2024-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4222061","62220106005","62075001","62175004","AORS20235","4222063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4222061","62220106005","62075001","62175004","AORS20235","4222063"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["4222061","62220106005","62075001","62175004","AORS20235","4222063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4222061","62220106005","62075001","62175004","AORS20235","4222063"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Remote Sensing Technology Fund","award":["4222061","62220106005","62075001","62175004","AORS20235","4222063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4222061","62220106005","62075001","62175004","AORS20235","4222063"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4222061","62220106005","62075001","62175004","AORS20235","4222063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4222061","62220106005","62075001","62175004","AORS20235","4222063"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fourier ptychography (FP) can break through the limitations of existing optical systems with a single aperture and realize large field-of-view (FOV) and high-resolution (HR) imaging simultaneously by aperture synthesis in the frequency domain. The method has potential applications for remote sensing and space-based imaging. However, the aperture stop of the imaging system was generally set to be much smaller than the system with an adjustable diaphragm, so it failed to make full use of the imaging capability of the system. In this paper, a reflective remote FP with full aperture is proposed, and the optical aperture of the camera is set to be the maximum according to the sample-matching condition, which can further improve the imaging resolution by exploring the whole capability of the system. Firstly, the physical model of the remote FP is established using oblique illumination of a convergent spherical wave. Then, the sampling characteristics of the low-resolution (LR) intensity image are analyzed. Assuming diffraction-limited imaging, the size of the aperture of the optical system needs to match the sampling of the detector. An experimental setup with an imaging distance of 2.4 m is built, and a series of LR images is collected by moving the camera for the diffused samples, including the USAF resolution test target and the banknote, where the diameter of the single aperture is set to the maximum to match the size of the CCD pixel under the practical minimum F# of the camera of 2.8. The high-resolution image is reconstructed by applying the iterative phase retrieval algorithm. The experimental results show that the reconstructed resolution is improved to 2.5\u00d7. This verifies that remote FP with full aperture can effectively improve the imaging resolution using only the present single-aperture optical system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16224276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T06:06:54Z","timestamp":1731996414000},"page":"4276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Full-Aperture Reflective Remote Fourier Ptychography with Sample Matching"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2526-1317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dayong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Beijing 100124, China"},{"name":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiahao","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8880-1256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Beijing 100124, China"},{"name":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics & Electricity, 104 YouYi Road, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Remote Sensing Technology, 104 YouYi Road, Beijing 100094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1550-5012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunxin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Beijing 100124, China"},{"name":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4614-6411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Beijing 100124, China"},{"name":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shufeng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Beijing 100124, China"},{"name":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics & Electricity, 104 YouYi Road, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Remote Sensing Technology, 104 YouYi Road, Beijing 100094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Goodman, J.W. 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