{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:36:11Z","timestamp":1760146571692,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42071089","42161058","202303021212117","SXBYKY2023013","2023BQ52"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42071089","42161058","202303021212117","SXBYKY2023013","2023BQ52"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanxi Provincial General Youth Foundation","award":["42071089","42161058","202303021212117","SXBYKY2023013","2023BQ52"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42071089","42161058","202303021212117","SXBYKY2023013","2023BQ52"]}]},{"name":"Award for Excellent Doctoral work in Shanxi","award":["42071089","42161058","202303021212117","SXBYKY2023013","2023BQ52"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42071089","42161058","202303021212117","SXBYKY2023013","2023BQ52"]}]},{"name":"Scientific and Technological Innovation Foundation of Shanxi Agricultural University (Ph. D. Research Startup)","award":["42071089","42161058","202303021212117","SXBYKY2023013","2023BQ52"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42071089","42161058","202303021212117","SXBYKY2023013","2023BQ52"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Research on glacier movement is helpful for comprehensively understanding the laws behind this movement and can also provide a scientific basis for glacier change and analyses of the dynamic mechanisms driving atmospheric circulation and glacier evolution. Sentinel-1 series data were used in this study to retrieve the three-dimensional (3D) surface motion displacement of the Muz Taw glacier from 22 August 2017, to 17 August 2018. The inversion method of the 3D surface motion displacement of glaciers has been verified by the field measurement data from Urumqi Glacier No. 1. The effects of topographic factors, glacier thickness, and climate factors on the 3D surface displacement of the Muz Taw glacier are discussed in this paper. The results show that, during the study period, the total 3D displacement of the Muz Taw glacier was between 0.52 and 13.19 m, the eastward displacement was 4.27 m, the northward displacement was 4.07 m, and the horizontal displacement was 5.90 m. Areas of high displacement were mainly distributed in the main glacier at altitudes of 3300\u20133350 and 3450\u20133600 m. There were significant differences in the total 3D displacement of the Muz Taw glacier in each season. The displacement was larger in summer, followed by spring, and it was similar in autumn and winter. The total 3D displacement during the whole study period and in spring, summer, and autumn fluctuated greatly along the glacier centerline, while the change in winter was relatively gentle. Various factors such as topography, glacier thickness, and climate had different influences on the surface motion displacement of the Muz Taw glacier.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16224326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T03:57:04Z","timestamp":1732075024000},"page":"4326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Three-Dimensional Surface Motion Displacement Estimation of the Muz Taw Glacier, Sawir Mountains"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yanqiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China"}]},{"given":"Zhongqin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences\/Tian Shan Glaciological Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China"}]},{"given":"Yanjie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agricultural Economics and Management, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China"}]},{"given":"Jialiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology, Benxi 117004, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1822-y","article-title":"Importance and vulnerability of the world\u2019s water towers","volume":"577","author":"Immerzeel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-019-8610-8","article-title":"A spatio-temporal variation analysis of Fedchenko and Grumm-Grzhimaylo glacier motion pattern with an efficient pixel-tracking method on spaceborne SAR imagery","volume":"78","author":"Yan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. 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