{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T19:49:34Z","timestamp":1770752974436,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and National Resources under the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) 2014\u20132020","award":["MIS: 5010951"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIS: 5010951"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aims to address the challenges associated with rockfall assessment and monitoring, focusing on the coastal cliffs of \u201cNavagio Shipwreck Beach\u201d in Zakynthos. A complete time-series analysis was conducted using state-of-the-art methodologies including a 2020 survey using unmanned aerial systems (UASs) and two subsequent surveys, incorporating terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and UAS survey techniques in 2023. Achieving high precision and accuracy in georeferencing involving direct georeferencing, the utilization of pseudo ground control points (pGCPs), and integrating post-processing kinematics (PPK) with global navigation satellite system (GNSS) permanent stations\u2019 RINEX data is necessary for co-registering the multitemporal models effectively. For the change detection analysis, UAS surveys were utilized, employing the multiscale model-to-model cloud comparison (M3C2) algorithm, while TLS data were used in a validation methodology due to their very high-resolution model. The synergy of these advanced technologies and methodologies offers a comprehensive understanding of rockfall dynamics, aiding in effective assessment and monitoring strategies for coastal cliffs prone to rockfall risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16234610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T10:11:47Z","timestamp":1733739107000},"page":"4610","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Multitemporal Monitoring for Cliff Failure Potential Using Close-Range Remote Sensing Techniques at Navagio Beach, Greece"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5574-6449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aliki","family":"Konsolaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6514-7789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efstratios","family":"Karantanellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 54124, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1175-3628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Vassilakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3820-9216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelina","family":"Kotsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}]},{"given":"Efthymios","family":"Lekkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1007\/s00603-017-1394-9","article-title":"Introducing Meta-models for a More Efficient Hazard Mitigation Strategy with Rockfall Protection Barriers","volume":"51","author":"Toe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rock Mech. 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