{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T22:25:51Z","timestamp":1769811951400,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,12]],"date-time":"2010-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1281571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Land surface hemispherical albedos of several targets have been resolved using the bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) library of the Finnish Geodetic Institute (FGI). The library contains BRF data measured by FGI during the years 2003\u20132009. Surface albedos are calculated using selected BRF datasets from the library. Polynomial interpolation and extrapolation have been used in computations. Several broadband conversion formulae generally used for satellite based surface albedo retrieval have been tested. The albedos were typically found to monotonically increase with increasing zenith angle of the Sun. The surface albedo variance was significant even within each target category \/ surface type. In general, the albedo estimates derived using diverse broadband conversion formulas and estimates obtained by direct integration of the measured spectra were in line.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs2081918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,12]],"date-time":"2010-08-12T11:53:08Z","timestamp":1281613988000},"page":"1918-1940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Land Surface Albedos Computed from BRF Measurements with a Study of Conversion Formulae"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Jouni I.","family":"Peltoniemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Geodetic Institute, P.O. box 14, FI-02431 Masala, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8945-9122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Terhikki","family":"Manninen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Earth Observation, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juha","family":"Suomalainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Geodetic Institute, P.O. box 14, FI-02431 Masala, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teemu","family":"Hakala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Geodetic Institute, P.O. box 14, FI-02431 Masala, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eetu","family":"Puttonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Geodetic Institute, P.O. box 14, FI-02431 Masala, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6581-8792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aku","family":"Riihel\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Earth Observation, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin, Y., Schaaf, C.B., Woodcock, C.E., Gao, F., Li, X., Strahler, A.H., Lucht, W., and Liang, S. (2003). Consistency of MODIS surface bidirectional reflectance distribution function and albedo retrievals: 2. Validation. J. Geophys. Res., 108.","DOI":"10.1029\/2002JD002804"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang, X.Z., Xu, M., Gao, W., Kunkel, K., Slusser, J., Dai, Y., Min, Q., Houser, P.R., Rodell, M., Schaaf, C.B., and Gao, F. (2005). Development of land surface albedo parameterization based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. J. Geophys. Res., 110.","DOI":"10.1029\/2004JD005579"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Zeng, X., and Barlage, M. (2007). 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