{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T07:35:21Z","timestamp":1775892921045,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,21]],"date-time":"2013-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1358726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The population of loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus excubutirudes)  in Grassland National Park of Canada (GNPC) has undergone a severe  decline due to habitat loss and limitation. Shrike habitat availability  is highly impacted by the biophysical characteristics of grassland  landscapes. This study was conducted in the west block of GNPC. The  overall purpose was to extract important biophysical and topographical  variables from both SPOT satellite imagery and in situ measurements. Statistical analysis including Analysis of Variance  (ANOVA), measuring Coefficient Variation (CV), and regression analysis  were applied to these variables obtained from both imagery and in situ measurement. Vegetation spatial variation and heterogeneity among  active, inactive and control nesting sites at 20 m \u00d7 20 m, 60 m \u00d7 60 m  and 100 m \u00d7 100 m scales were investigated. Results indicated that  shrikes prefer to nest in open areas with scattered shrubs, particularly  thick or thorny species of smaller size, to discourage mammalian  predators. The most important topographical characteristic is that  active sites are located far away from roads at higher elevation.  Vegetation index was identified as a good indicator of vegetation  characteristics for shrike habitats due to its significant relation to  most relevant biophysical factors. Spatial variation analysis showed  that at all spatial scales, active sites have the lowest vegetation  abundance and the highest heterogeneity among the three types of nesting  sites. For all shrike habitat types, vegetation abundance decreases  with increasing spatial scales while habitat heterogeneity increases  with increasing spatial scales. This research also indicated that  suitable shrike habitat for GNPC can be mapped using a logistical model  with ATSAVI and dead material in shrub canopy as the independent  variables.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs5010432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,21]],"date-time":"2013-01-21T10:58:53Z","timestamp":1358765933000},"page":"432-453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Exploration of Loggerhead Shrike Habitats in Grassland National Park of Canada Based on in Situ Measurements and Satellite-Derived Adjusted Transformed Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (ATSAVI)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Planning, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5C8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuhong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L1C6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xulin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Planning, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5C8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Population trends of the loggerhead shrike (Lanius Ludovicianus) in Arkansas","volume":"39","author":"Burnside","year":"1985","journal-title":"Proc. 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