{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:30:53Z","timestamp":1760243453681,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,17]],"date-time":"2013-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1368748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper focuses on the use of the Land-based Mobile Mapping System (LMMS) for the unscheduled updates of a National Base Map, which has nationwide coverage and was made using aerial photogrammetry. The objectives of this research are to improve the weak points of LMMS surveying for its application to the updates of a National Base Map (NBM), which has rigorous accuracy and quality standards. For this, methods were suggested for the (1) improvement of the accuracy of the Global Positioning System\/Inertial Navigation System (GPS\/INS) in the long-term exposure of environments with poor GPS reception; (2) elimination of mutual deviations between LMMS data obtained in duplicate to meet resolution standards; (3) devising an effective way of mapping objects using LMMS data; and (4) analysis of updatable regions and map layers via LMMS. To verify the suggested methods, experiments and analyses were conducted using two LMMS devices in four target areas for unscheduled updates of the National  Base Map.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs5052513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,17]],"date-time":"2013-05-17T12:10:40Z","timestamp":1368792640000},"page":"2513-2533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Frequent Unscheduled Updates of the National Base Map Using the Land-Based Mobile Mapping System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Jinsang","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Chun Chun Dong 300, Suwon 440-746, Korea"}]},{"given":"Hongsik","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Chun Chun Dong 300, Suwon 440-746, Korea"}]},{"given":"Taejun","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Chun Chun Dong 300, Suwon 440-746, Korea"}]},{"given":"Yongcheol","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Korea"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhanlanguan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Urban Geomatics of National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Beijing 100044, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"Land-based mobile mapping systems","volume":"68","author":"Ellum","year":"2002","journal-title":"Photogramm. 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