{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T01:17:46Z","timestamp":1772587066029,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1381190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The spatial distribution of sea bed covers and seagrass in coastal waters is of key importance in monitoring and managing Mediterranean shallow water environments often subject to both increasing anthropogenic impacts and climate change effects. In this context we present a methodology for effective monitoring and mapping of Posidonia oceanica (PO) meadows in turbid waters using remote sensing techniques tested by means of LAI (Leaf Area Index) point sea truth measurements. Preliminary results using Daedalus airborne sensor are reported referring to the PO meadows at Civitavecchia site (central Tyrrhenian sea) where vessel traffic due to presence of important harbors and huge  power plant represent strong impact factors. This coastal area, 100 km far from Rome (Central Italy), is characterized also by significant hydrodynamic variations and other anthropogenic factors that affect the health of seagrass meadows with frequent turbidity and suspended sediments in the water column. During 2011\u20132012 years point measurements of several parameters related to PO meadows phenology were acquired on various stations distributed along 20 km of coast between the Civitavecchia and S. Marinella sites. The Daedalus airborne sensor multispectral data were preprocessed with the support of satellite (MERIS) derived water quality parameters to obtain here improved thematic maps of the local PO distribution. Their thematic accuracy was then evaluated as agreement (R2) with the point sea truth measurements and regressive modeling using an on purpose developd method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs5104877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T11:43:08Z","timestamp":1381232588000},"page":"4877-4899","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Mapping Spatial Patterns of Posidonia oceanica Meadows by Means of Daedalus ATM Airborne Sensor in the Coastal Area of Civitavecchia (Central Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Flavio","family":"Borfecchia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UTMEA-TER Energy and Environment Modeling, Earth Observation and Analysis Laboratory, Casaccia Research Centre, Italian National Agency for New Technology, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), via Anguillarese, 301, I-00123 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Micheli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTRINN-BIO Renewables Energies, Biomass and Bio-Energies Laboratory, Casaccia Research Centre, ENEA, via Anguillarese, 301, I-00123 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Carli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology, Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences (DEB), La Tuscia University, molo Vespucci, Porto di Civitavecchia,  I-00053 Civitavecchia (RM), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Selvaggia","family":"De Martis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology, Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences (DEB), La Tuscia University, molo Vespucci, Porto di Civitavecchia,  I-00053 Civitavecchia (RM), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Gnisci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology, Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences (DEB), La Tuscia University, molo Vespucci, Porto di Civitavecchia,  I-00053 Civitavecchia (RM), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9000-9070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviana","family":"Piermattei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology, Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences (DEB), La Tuscia University, molo Vespucci, Porto di Civitavecchia,  I-00053 Civitavecchia (RM), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Belmonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTRINN-BIO Renewables Energies, Biomass and Bio-Energies Laboratory, Casaccia Research Centre, ENEA, via Anguillarese, 301, I-00123 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"De Cecco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTMEA-TER Energy and Environment Modeling, Earth Observation and Analysis Laboratory, Casaccia Research Centre, Italian National Agency for New Technology, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), via Anguillarese, 301, I-00123 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Martini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTMEA-TER Energy and Environment Modeling, Earth Observation and Analysis Laboratory, Casaccia Research Centre, Italian National Agency for New Technology, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), via Anguillarese, 301, I-00123 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Marcelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology, Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences (DEB), La Tuscia University, molo Vespucci, Porto di Civitavecchia,  I-00053 Civitavecchia (RM), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3354\/meps137203","article-title":"Growth and population dynamics of Posidonia oceanica on the Spanish Mediterranean coast: Elucidating seagrass decline","volume":"137","author":"Duarte","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"987","article-title":"Global crisis for seagrass ecosystems","volume":"56","author":"Orth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bio Science"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-012-9917-3","article-title":"Changes in genetic structure of posidonia oceanica at monterosso al Mare (Ligurian Sea) and its resilience over a decade (1998\u20132009)","volume":"50","author":"Micheli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Manage"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2013.06.015","article-title":"Effectiveness and consistency of a suite of descriptors for assessing the ecological status of seagrass meadows (Posidonia oceanica L. Delile)","volume":"130","author":"Rotini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"778","article-title":"Seagrass monitoring by remote sensing in the context of biodiversity conservation","volume":"39","author":"Micheli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer. M\u00e9dit"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2007.09.017","article-title":"Mapping seagrass species, cover and biomass in shallow waters: An assessment of satellite multi-spectral and airborne hyper-spectral imaging systems in Moreton Bay (Australia)","volume":"112","author":"Phinn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2008.01.020","article-title":"Regional-scale seagrass habitat mapping in the Wider Caribbean region using Landsat sensors: Applications to conservation and ecology","volume":"112","author":"Wabnitz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.2112\/JCOASTRES-D-12-00107.1","article-title":"Airborne remote sensing of coastal features and processes: An overview","volume":"29","author":"Klemas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-4257(03)00126-3","article-title":"Mapping intertidal estuarine sediment grain size distributions through airborne remote sensing","volume":"86","author":"Raineya","year":"2003","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"34","article-title":"Increasing classification accuracy of coastal habitats using integrated airborne remote sensing","volume":"3","author":"Brown","year":"2004","journal-title":"EARSeL eProc"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2004.09.010","article-title":"Use of SPOT 5 for mapping seagrasses: An application to Posidonia oceanica","volume":"94","author":"Pasqualini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3390\/rs3010042","article-title":"Integrating Quickbird multi-spectral satellite and field data: Mapping bathymetry, seagrass cover, seagrass species and change in Moreton Bay, Australia in 2004 and 2007","volume":"3","author":"Lyons","year":"2011","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquabot.2007.12.002","article-title":"Assessing effects of fishing prohibition on Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows in the Marine Natural Reserve of Cerb\u00e8re-Banyuls","volume":"8","author":"Ferrari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aquat. Bot"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2006.04.002","article-title":"Mapping Posidonia oceanica from IKONOS","volume":"60","author":"Fornes","year":"2006","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogram. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3583","DOI":"10.3390\/rs5073583","article-title":"Bridging ridge-to-reef patches: Seamless classification of the coast using Very High Resolution Satellite","volume":"5","author":"Collin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruddick, K., Brockmann, C., Doerffer, R., Lee, Z., Brotas, V., Fomferra, N., Groom, S., Krasemann, H., Martinez-Vicente, V., and Sa, C. (2010). The COASTCOLOUR project regional algorithm round Robin exercise. Proc. SPIE, 7858.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.869506"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2005.02.017","article-title":"Retrospective seagrass change detection in a shallow coastal tidal Australian lake","volume":"97","author":"Dekker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"1025","article-title":"Image-Based Atmospheric Corrections Revisited and Improved","volume":"62","author":"Chavez","year":"1996","journal-title":"Photogram. Eng. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2005.09.006","article-title":"Image-based atmospheric correction of quick-bird imagery of minnesota cropland","volume":"99","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4680","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2013.781701","article-title":"Posidonia oceanica genetic and biometry mapping through HR satellite spectral vegetation indices and sea truth calibration","volume":"34","author":"Borfecchia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1080\/014311698216521","article-title":"Benefits of water column correction and contextual editing for mapping coral reefs","volume":"19","author":"Mumby","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-4257(01)00250-4","article-title":"A refined empirical line approach for reflectance factor retrieval from Landsat5 TM and Landsat7 ETM+","volume":"78","author":"Moran","year":"2001","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4453","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160601050403","article-title":"Radiometric normalization of sensor scan angle effects in optical remote sensing imagery","volume":"28","author":"Palubinskas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1080\/0143116021000026779","article-title":"The empirical line method for the atmospheric correction of IKONOS imagery","volume":"24","author":"Karpouzli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1080\/10106040508542360","article-title":"Empirical vs. Model-based atmospheric correction of digital airborne imaging spectrometer hyperspectral data","volume":"4","author":"Hadley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geocarto. Int"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2005.09.003","article-title":"Characterizing the vertical diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance in coastal waters: Implications for water penetration by high resolution satellite data","volume":"60","author":"Mishra","year":"2005","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogram. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"331","article-title":"Shallow sea floor reflectance and water depth derived by unmixing multispectral imagery","volume":"59","author":"Bierwirth","year":"1993","journal-title":"Photogram. Eng. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Pahlevan, N., Valadanzou, M.J., and Alimohamadi, A (2006, January 8\u201311). A Quantitative Comparison to Water Column Correction Techniques for Bentic Mapping Using High Spatial Resolution Data. Enschede, The Netherlands."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-4257(93)90013-N","article-title":"The spectral image processing system (SIPS)\u2014Interactive visualization and analysis of imaging spectrometer data","volume":"44","author":"Kruse","year":"1993","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.3390\/rs2071644","article-title":"Normalizing and converting image DC data using scatter plot matching","volume":"2","author":"Maas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Remote Sens"}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/5\/10\/4877\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:49:43Z","timestamp":1760219383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/5\/10\/4877"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["rs5104877"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs5104877","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]]}}}