{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:11:31Z","timestamp":1791047491227,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,27]],"date-time":"2013-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Accurate terrain models are a crucial component of studies of river channel evolution. In this paper we describe a new methodology for creating high-resolution seamless digital terrain models (DTM) of river channels and their floodplains. We combine mobile laser scanning and low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photography-based methods for creating both a digital bathymetric model of the inundated river channel and a DTM of a point bar of a meandering sub-arctic river. We evaluate mobile laser scanning and UAV-based photogrammetry point clouds against terrestrial laser scanning and combine these data with an optical bathymetric model to create a seamless DTM of two different measurement periods. Using this multi-temporal seamless data, we calculate a DTM of difference that allows a change detection of the meander bend over a one-year period.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs5126382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,27]],"date-time":"2013-11-27T14:43:20Z","timestamp":1385563400000},"page":"6382-6407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":186,"title":["Seamless Mapping of River Channels at High Resolution Using Mobile LiDAR and UAV-Photography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1224-083X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claude","family":"Flener","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9907-0516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matti","family":"Vaaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Real Estate, Planning and Geoinformatics, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anttoni","family":"Jaakkola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry, Finnish Geodetic Institute, P.O. Box 15, FI-02431 Masala, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anssi","family":"Krooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry, Finnish Geodetic Institute, P.O. Box 15, FI-02431 Masala, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harri","family":"Kaartinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry, Finnish Geodetic Institute, P.O. Box 15, FI-02431 Masala, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antero","family":"Kukko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry, Finnish Geodetic Institute, P.O. Box 15, FI-02431 Masala, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elina","family":"Kasvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannu","family":"Hyypp\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Real Estate, Planning and Geoinformatics, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland"},{"name":"Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Civil Engineering and Building Services, FI-00079 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juha","family":"Hyypp\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry, Finnish Geodetic Institute, P.O. Box 15, FI-02431 Masala, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petteri","family":"Alho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Real Estate, Planning and Geoinformatics, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2010.07.035","article-title":"National scale assessment of climate change impacts on flooding in Finland","volume":"391","author":"Veijalainen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hydrol"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lotsari, E., Wainwright, D., Corner, G., Alho, P., and K\u00e4yhk\u00f6, J. (2013). Surveyed and modelled one-year morphodynamics in the braided lower Tana River. Hydrol. Process.","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.9750"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"21","article-title":"Consequence of DTM precision for flood hazard mapping: A case study in SW Finland","volume":"6","author":"Alho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nord. J. Surv. Real Estate Res"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Smith, G.H.S., Best, J.L., Bristow, C.S., and Petts, G.E. (2009). Braided Rivers, Blackwell Publishing Ltd."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1127\/0372-8854\/2011\/0055S2-0045","article-title":"Estimating changes of riverine landscapes and riverbeds by using airborne LiDAR data and river cross-sections","volume":"55","author":"Vetter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Z. Geomorphol. Suppl. Issues"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams, R., Brasington, J., Vericat, D., and Hicks, D. (2013). Hyperscale terrain modelling of braided rivers: Fusing mobile terrestrial laser scanning and optical bathymetric mapping. Earth Surf. Process. Landf.","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.3437"},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Allouis, T., Bailly, J.S., and Feurer, D. (2007, January 12\u201314). Assessing Water Surface Effects on LiDAR Bathymetry Measurements in Very Shallow Rivers: A Theoretical Study. Geneva, Switzerland."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1177\/0309133308096030","article-title":"Very-high-resolution mapping of river-immersed topography by remote sensing","volume":"32","author":"Feurer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Phys. Geogr"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1080\/01431168108948342","article-title":"Remote sensing of bottom reflectance and water attenuation parameters in shallow water using aircraft and Landsat data","volume":"2","author":"Lyzenga","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Best, J. (2005). The fluid dynamics of river dunes: A review and some future research directions. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf., 110.","DOI":"10.1029\/2004JF000218"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.1011","article-title":"Reach-scale sediment transfers: An evaluation of two morphological budgeting approaches","volume":"28","author":"Fuller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Process. Landf"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.1702","article-title":"High spatial resolution data acquisition for the geosciences: Kite aerial photography","volume":"34","author":"Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Process. Landf"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.1375","article-title":"Towards a protocol for laser scanning in fluvial geomorphology","volume":"32","author":"Heritage","year":"2007","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Process. Landf"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-2716(01)00039-9","article-title":"Image processing of airborne scanning laser altimetry data for improved river flood modelling","volume":"56","author":"Cobby","year":"2001","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2593","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.5649","article-title":"Remote sensing and flood inundation modelling","volume":"18","author":"Bates","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160701736489","article-title":"Review of methods of small-footprint airborne laser scanning for extracting forest inventory data in boreal forests","volume":"29","author":"Leckie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.1270","article-title":"Floodplain friction parameterization in two-dimensional river flood models using vegetation heights derived from airborne scanning laser altimetry","volume":"17","author":"Mason","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.3303","article-title":"Morphological changes on meander point bars associated with flow structure at different discharges","volume":"38","author":"Kasvi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Process. Landf"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4571","DOI":"10.3390\/rs5094571","article-title":"3D modeling of coarse fluvial sediments based on mobile laser scanning data","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"El-Sheimy, N. (2005, January 16\u201321). An Overview of Mobile Mapping Systems. Cairo, Egypt."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"241","article-title":"Road environment mapping system of the Finnish Geodetic Institute-FGI ROAMER","volume":"36","author":"Kukko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2007.07.005","article-title":"Geometric validation of a ground-based mobile laser scanning system","volume":"63","author":"Barber","year":"2008","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"222","article-title":"Mobile mapping systems overview","volume":"76","author":"Graham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.1879","article-title":"Application of boat-based laser scanning for river survey","volume":"34","author":"Alho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Process. Landf"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1177\/0309133311414605","article-title":"Laser scanning applications in fluvial studies","volume":"35","author":"Hohenthal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog. Phys. Geogr"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2010.08.002","article-title":"A low-cost multi-sensoral mobile mapping system and its feasibility for tree measurements","volume":"65","author":"Jaakkola","year":"2010","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Haarbrink, R., and Koers, E. (2006, January 17\u201318). Helicopter UAV for Photogrammetry and Rapid Response. Antwerp, Belgium."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"526","article-title":"UAVs for the documentation of archaeological excavations","volume":"38","author":"Sauerbier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"1","article-title":"UAV photogrammetry for mapping and 3d modeling\u2014Current status and future perspectives","volume":"38","author":"Remondino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.3390\/s120100453","article-title":"Point cloud generation from aerial image data acquired by a quadrocopter type micro unmanned aerial vehicle and a digital still camera","volume":"12","author":"Rosnell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2008.2010457","article-title":"Thermal and narrowband multispectral remote sensing for vegetation monitoring from an unmanned aerial vehicle","volume":"47","author":"Berni","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-100X.2012.00908.x","article-title":"Assessing habitat suitability for juvenile atlantic salmon in relation to in-stream restoration and discharge variability","volume":"21","author":"Koljonen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Restor. Ecol"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1577\/M07-019.1","article-title":"Generating river bottom profiles with a Dual-Frequency Identification Sonar (DIDSON)","volume":"27","author":"Maxwell","year":"2007","journal-title":"North Am. J. Fish. Manag"},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"26","article-title":"Uoman Kartoitus-Teknologia","volume":"3","year":"2004","journal-title":"Maank\u00e4ytt\u00f6"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1002\/rra.2556","article-title":"Using low-cost side-scan sonar for benthic mapping throughout the Lower Flint River, Georgia, USA","volume":"29","author":"Kaeser","year":"2013","journal-title":"River Res. Appl"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1177\/0309133309105657","article-title":"Bathymetric mapping by means of remote sensing: Methods, accuracy and limitations","volume":"33","author":"Gao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog. Phys. Geogr"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.1575","article-title":"Assessing the ability of airborne LiDAR to map river bathymetry","volume":"33","author":"Hilldale","year":"2008","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Process. Landf"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1646(199711\/12)13:6<489::AID-RRR471>3.0.CO;2-X","article-title":"Quantification of channel bed morphology in gravel-bed rivers using airborne multispectral imagery and aerial photography","volume":"13","author":"Winterbottom","year":"1997","journal-title":"Regul. Rivers-Res. Manag"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160110113070","article-title":"Remote survey of large-scale braided, gravel-bed rivers using digital photogrammetry and image analysis","volume":"24","author":"Westaway","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160600976079","article-title":"An experimental approach to the measurement of the effects of water depth and substrate on optical and near infra-red reflectance: A field-based assessment of the feasibility of mapping submerged instream habitat","volume":"28","author":"Gilvear","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1002\/rra.1441","article-title":"Comparison of empirical and theoretical remote sensing based bathymetry models in river environments","volume":"28","author":"Flener","year":"2012","journal-title":"River Res. Appl"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2004.07.019","article-title":"Passive optical remote sensing of river channel morphology and in-stream habitat: Physical basis and feasibility","volume":"93","author":"Legleiter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2005.06.005","article-title":"Remote sensing of stream depths with hydraulically assisted bathymetry (HAB) models","volume":"72","author":"Fonstad","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.1637","article-title":"Optical remote mapping of rivers at sub-meter resolutions and watershed extents","volume":"33","author":"Marcus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Process. Landf"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.1787","article-title":"Spectrally based remote sensing of river bathymetry","volume":"34","author":"Legleiter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Process. Landf"},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"488","article-title":"Estimating deep water radiance in shallow water: Adapting optical bathymetry modelling to shallow river environments","volume":"18","author":"Flener","year":"2013","journal-title":"Boreal Environ. Res"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2009.01.018","article-title":"A forward image model for passive optical remote sensing of river bathymetry","volume":"113","author":"Legleiter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Legleiter, C.J., and Overstreet, B.T. (2012). Mapping gravel bed river bathymetry from space. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf., 117.","DOI":"10.1029\/2012JF002539"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2578","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.7671","article-title":"Hydraulic parameter estimations of a 2D model validated with sedimentological findings in the point bar environment","volume":"24","author":"Alho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process"},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"137","article-title":"Palaeochannels and recent changes in the Pulmankijoki valley, northern Lapland","volume":"168","author":"Mansikkaniemi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Fennia"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12497","DOI":"10.3390\/s130912497","article-title":"Data processing and quality evaluation of a boat-based mobile laser scanning system","volume":"13","author":"Vaaja","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11712","DOI":"10.3390\/s120911712","article-title":"Multiplatform mobile laser scanning: Usability and performance","volume":"12","author":"Kukko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"111","article-title":"DEM generation from laser scanner data using adaptive TIN models","volume":"33","author":"Axelsson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci"},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"Combrink, A. (2011). PositionIT, EE Publishers."},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"Bilker, M., and Kaartinen, H. (2001). The Quality of Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS Positioning, Reports of the Finnish Geodetic Institute."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.2206","article-title":"Detection of surface change in complex topography using terrestrial laser scanning: Application to the Illgraben debris-flow channel","volume":"36","author":"Densmore","year":"2011","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Process. Landf"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.1592","article-title":"Application of a 3D laser scanner in the assessment of erosion and deposition volumes and channel change in a proglacial river","volume":"32","author":"Milan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Process. Landf"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.3390\/rs3071472","article-title":"Evaluation of a LiDAR land-based mobile mapping system for monitoring sandy coasts","volume":"3","author":"Bitenc","year":"2011","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-555X(03)00150-8","article-title":"High spatial resolution hyperspectral mapping of in-stream habitats, depths, and woody debris in mountain streams","volume":"55","author":"Marcus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.1341","article-title":"Feature based image processing methods applied to bathymetric measurements from airborne remote sensing in fluvial environments","volume":"31","author":"Carbonneau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Process. Landf"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1127\/0372-8854\/2011\/0055S2-0044","article-title":"Mobile laser scanning in fluvial geomorphology: Mapping and change detection of point bars","volume":"55","author":"Alho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Z. f\u00fcr Geomorphol"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.3390\/rs3030587","article-title":"Mapping topography changes and elevation accuracies using a mobile laser scanner","volume":"3","author":"Vaaja","year":"2011","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.2166\/nh.2013.091","article-title":"Spatial and temporal distribution of fluvio-morphological processes on a meander point bar during a flood event","volume":"44","author":"Kasvi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hydrol. Res"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heritage, G.L.L.A. (2009). Laser Scanning for the Environmental Sciences, Wiley-Blackwell.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444311952"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lotsari, E., Vaaja, M., Flener, C., Kaartinen, H., Kukko, A., Kasvi, E., Hyypp\u00e4, H., Hyypp\u00e4, J., and Alho, P. (2013). Detecting the morphological changes of banks and point bars in a meandering river using high-accuracy multi-temporal laser scanning and flow measurements. Water Resour. Res., submitted.","DOI":"10.1002\/2013WR014106"}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/5\/12\/6382\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:50:56Z","timestamp":1760219456000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/5\/12\/6382"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,27]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["rs5126382"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs5126382","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,27]]}}}