{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T05:34:33Z","timestamp":1768282473616,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,17]],"date-time":"2014-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Continued sea-level rise and coastal development have led to  considerable concerns on coastline changes along inhabited islands.  Analysis of long-term coastline changes of islands is however limited  due to unavailable data and the cost of field work. In this study,  high-resolution images taken from 1970\u20132011 at an interval of about 10  years and topographic maps were collected to determine coastline changes  and their drivers in the Zhoushan Islands, China. Results show that  nearly all inhabited islands appeared to have noteworthy seaward  expansion during the past four decades. Coastline change rates varied  among islands, and the annual change rate of Zhoushan Island (the main  island) reached 12.83 \u00b1 0.17 m\/year during the same period. Since 2003,  the study area has been dominated by artificial coast. The proportion of  harbor\/port and urban\/industrial coast has significantly increased,  while rocky coasts and shelter-farm coasts have shrunk greatly.  Preliminary analysis of drivers for these coastline changes across the  Zhoushan Islands highlights the roles of human policies during different  periods as well as location, which were the dominant factors  controlling the great spatial and temporal complexity of coastline  changes of the major islands. Sediment supply from the Yangtze River  decreased after the completion of the Three Gorges Dam in 2003; however,  the Zhoushan coast rapidly accreted seaward during the last decade and  the artificial siltation, coastal engineering, and harbor dredging  materials could be responsible for the observed coastline changes.  Pressured by rapid development of the port industry, the Zhoushan coast  may face unprecedented challenges in coastal use in the near future.  This research provides the basic background information for future  studies on coastal protection and management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs6109930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,17]],"date-time":"2014-10-17T10:27:19Z","timestamp":1413541639000},"page":"9930-9950","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Evaluation of Coastline Changes under Human Intervention Using Multi-Temporal High-Resolution Images: A Case Study of the Zhoushan Islands, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"given":"Delu","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"given":"Jianyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Marine and Environment Monitor Center, State Oceanic Administration,  Dalian 116023, China"}]},{"given":"Qiankun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China"}]},{"given":"Haiqing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-7963(00)00033-6","article-title":"Integrating natural and socio-economic science in coastal management","volume":"25","author":"Turner","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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