{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T05:59:22Z","timestamp":1772690362763,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,17]],"date-time":"2015-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1437091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Timely monitoring of plant biomass is critical for the management of forage resources in Sahelian rangelands. The estimation of annual biomass production in the Sahel is based on a simple relationship between satellite annual Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and in situ biomass data. This study proposes a new methodology using multi-linear models between phenological metrics from the SPOT-VEGETATION time series of Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR) and in situ biomass. A model with three variables\u2014large seasonal integral (LINTG), length of growing season, and end of season decreasing rate\u2014performed best (MAE = 605 kg\u00b7DM\/ha; R2 = 0.68) across Sahelian ecosystems in Senegal (data for the period 1999\u20132013). A model with annual maximum (PEAK) and start date of season showed similar performances (MAE = 625 kg\u00b7DM\/ha;  R2 = 0.64), allowing a timely estimation of forage availability. The subdivision of the study area in ecoregions increased overall accuracy (MAE = 489.21 kg\u00b7DM\/ha; R2 = 0.77), indicating that a relation between metrics and ecosystem properties exists. LINTG was the main explanatory variable for woody rangelands with high leaf biomass, whereas for areas dominated by herbaceous vegetation, it was the PEAK metric. The proposed approach outperformed the established biomass NDVI-based product (MAE = 818 kg\u00b7DM\/ha and  R2 = 0.51) and should improve the operational monitoring of forage resources in  Sahelian rangelands.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs70709122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,17]],"date-time":"2015-07-17T11:18:48Z","timestamp":1437131928000},"page":"9122-9148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Fodder Biomass Monitoring in Sahelian Rangelands Using Phenological Metrics from FAPAR Time Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2918-6211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdoul","family":"Diouf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Suivi Ecologique, Rue Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire x Leon Gontran Damas, BP 15532 Fann-Dakar, Senegal"},{"name":"Water, Environment and Development Unit, University of Liege, Avenue de Longwy B6700, Arlon, Belgium"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9531-1239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen,  1350 Copenhagen, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Aleixandre","family":"Verger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s 08193, Catalonia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Moussa","family":"Jarroudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Water, Environment and Development Unit, University of Liege, Avenue de Longwy B6700, Arlon, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Bakary","family":"Djaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Regional AGRHYMET, BP 11011 Niamey, Niger"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3067-4527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rasmus","family":"Fensholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen,  1350 Copenhagen, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Ndione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Suivi Ecologique, Rue Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire x Leon Gontran Damas, BP 15532 Fann-Dakar, Senegal"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Tychon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Water, Environment and Development Unit, University of Liege, Avenue de Longwy B6700, Arlon, Belgium"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alkemade, R., Reid, R.S., van den Berg, M., de Leeuw, J., and Jeuken, M. 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