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PolSAR and field data were collected near concurrently in the summers of 2010, 2011, and 2012 in coastal marshes, and PolSAR data alone were acquired in 2009. Regression analyses showed that LAI correspondence with the PolSAR biophysical indicator variables equaled or exceeded those of vegetation water content (VWC) correspondences. In the final six regressor model, the ratio HV\/VV explained 49% of the total 77% explained LAI variance, and the HH-VV coherence and phase information accounted for the remainder. HV\/HH dominated the two regressor LAD relationship, and spatial heterogeneity and backscatter mechanism followed by coherence information dominated the final three regressor model that explained 74% of the LAD variance. Regression results applied to 2009 through 2012 PolSAR images showed substantial changes in marsh LAI and LAD. Although the direct cause was not substantiated, following a release of freshwater in response to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the fairly uniform interior marsh structure of 2009 was more vertical and dense shortly after the oil spill cessation. After 2010, marsh structure generally progressed back toward the 2009 uniformity; however, the trend was more disjointed in oil impact marshes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs70911295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,3]],"date-time":"2015-09-03T03:10:43Z","timestamp":1441249843000},"page":"11295-11321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Structural Classification of Marshes with Polarimetric SAR Highlighting the Temporal Mapping of Marshes Exposed to Oil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"suffix":"III","given":"Elijah","family":"Ramsey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center, 700 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette,  LA 70506, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amina","family":"Rangoonwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center, 700 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette,  LA 70506, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathleen","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-4257(74)90003-0","article-title":"Vegetation canopy reflectance","volume":"3","author":"Colwell","year":"1974","journal-title":"Remote Sens. 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